基于拉曼光谱散射的新型分布式光纤温度传感器及应用  

New Type Distributed Optical Fiber Temperature Sensor(DTS) Based on Raman Scattering and Its' Application

作　　者：王剑锋[1,2] 刘红林[1,2] 张淑琴[1] 余向东[1,2] 孙忠周[2] 金尚忠[1,2] 张在宣[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国计量学院光学与电子科技学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]中国计量学院-北洋电气集团联合光纤传感研究中心,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2013年第4期865-871,共7页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2010CB327804);国家科技支撑计划重大项目(2011BAF06B02);浙江省重大科技专项(2008C13041-1和2009C11049)资助

摘　　要：介绍了分布式光纤拉曼温度传感器(DTS)的基本原理、发展趋势和工程应用研究状况,研究了分布式光纤拉曼温度传感器的关键技术,全面提升了DTS的性能。将拉曼放大技术应用于DTS系统,用拉曼增益部分抵偿光纤的传输损耗,使系统的传感长度达到50km;对脉冲激光器进行211位循环编码,在接收时采用相关运算解调,显著提高系统的信噪比,使测温不确定度达到1℃;采用双波长自校正技术提高了系统的空间分辨率,达到2m;在DTS系统中嵌入光开关,使测温通道成倍扩展,有效延伸了传感光纤的总长度,组成光纤传感网络。Basic principles,development trends and applications status of distributed optical fiber Raman temperature sensor（DTS） are introduced.Performance parameters of DTS system include the sensing optical fiber length,temperature measurement uncertainty,spatial resolution and measurement time.These parameters have a certain correlation and it is difficult to improve them at the same time by single technology.So a variety of key techniques such as Raman amplification,pulse coding technique,Raman related dual-wavelength self-correction technique and embedding optical switching technique are researched to improve the performance of the DTS system.A 1 467 nm continuous laser is used as pump laser and the light source of DTS system（1 550 nm pulse laser） is amplified.When the length of sensing optical fiber is 50 km the Raman gain is about 17 dB.Raman gain can partially compensate the transmission loss of optical fiber,so that the sensing length can reach 50 km.In DTS system using pulse coding technique,pulse laser is coded by 211 bits loop encoder and correlation calculation is used to demodulate temperature.The encoded laser signal is related,whereas the noise is not relevant.So that signal-to-noise ratio（SNR） of DTS system can be improved significantly.The experiments are carried out in DTS system with single mode optical fiber and multimode optical fiber respectively.Temperature measurement uncertainty can all reach 1 ℃.In DTS system using Raman related dual-wavelength self-correction technique,the wavelength difference of the two light sources must be one Raman frequency shift in optical fiber.For example,wavelength of the main laser is 1 550 nm and wavelength of the second laser must be 1 450 nm.Spatial resolution of DTS system is improved to 2 m by using dual-wavelength self-correction technique.Optical switch is embedded in DTS system,so that the temperature measurement channel multiply extended and the total length of the sensing optical fiber effectively extended.Optical fiber sensor network is compos

关 键 词：拉曼散射 分布式光纤拉曼温度传感器 拉曼放大 脉冲编码 双波长自校正 

分 类 号：TN253[电子电信—物理电子学]