中等职业学校学生心理健康状况  

Mental Health of Middle Occupational Students

作　　者：余金聪[1] 韦威全[1] 王增珍[1] 曹慧平 王冬明[1] 肖杨[1] 彭月华[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院(武汉),中国430030 [2]肇庆理工中等职业学校

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2013年第3期412-414,共3页China Journal of Health Psychology

摘　　要：目的了解中职学生心理健康状况,为学校开展心理健康教育提供科学依据。方法采取整群抽样,用症状自评量表(SCL-90)评估广东省肇庆市某中等职业学校1220名学生的心理健康状况。结果至少有1个因子得分≥2,3,4分的学生依次占70.65%、21.23%、4.10%;单因子得分≥2分的学生比例均较高,其中强迫症状和人际关系敏感因子最突出,均超过50%;躯体化因子最低,为18.2%;其余各因子主要集中在30%～40%之间;女生躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对性、恐怖因子得分高于男生(t=2.70,3.81,2.56,6.02,6.20,2.21,10.40;P<0.05);新生强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、精神病性因子得分低于高年级学生(t=-2.25,-2.54,-2.83,-3.09,-2.48,-2.41;P<0.05);躯体化和敌对因子得分低于全国中学生常模(t=-2.47,-1.98;P<0.05),人际关系敏感、恐怖和偏执因子得分高于全国中学生常模(t=10.03,15.34,2.30;P<0.05)。结论中职学生心理问题检出率高,心理健康水平相对较低,需加强心理健康教育。Objective To assess mental health of middle occupational students and provide evidences for psychological health ed- ucation in middle occupational school. Methods A total of 1220 students in a middle occupational school of Zhaoqing city were ex- tracted by cluster sampling. Every participant was asked to finish symptom checklist 90（SCL--90）. Results The proportion of students who had at least one factor scores greater than or equal to 2,3 and 4 were 70. 65%, 21.23%, 4. 10% respectively. The proportion of students who had one factor scores greater than or equal to 2 was relatively high. Obsession-compulsion and interper- sonal sensitivity factors both accounted for more than 500%. Somatization factor accounted for 18.2%. Other factors accounted for 30%to 40%. Scores of somatization,obsession-compulsion,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety,hostility and phobic anxi- ety of girls were higher than those of boys（t=-2. 70,-3. 81,-2.56,-6.02,-6.20,-2.21,-10.40;P（0.05）. Scores of obsession- compulsion,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety,hostility and psychoticism of junior students were lower than those of se nior students （t： 2.25,2.54,2.83,3.09,2.48,2.41 ;P〈0.05）. Scores of somatization and hostility were lower while the interper- sonal sensitivity,phobic anxiety and paranoid ideation scores were higher than the norm of Chinese middle school students （t=-2.47,-1.98,10.03,15.34,2.30;P〈0.05）. Conclusion The detection rate of psychological problems of middle occupational stu- dents is high and the general level of mental health is relatively low. The psychological health education is urgently needed.

关 键 词：健康心理学 心理健康 症状自评量表 中职学生 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]