论新时期小说“自然抒写”的流变  

On developing of nature writing in novels of the new period

作　　者：高侠 

机构地区：[1]江南大学人文学院,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《河南社会科学》2013年第2期80-84,108,共5页Henan Social Sciences

基　　金：江苏省教育厅高校哲学社会科学基金指导项目(2012SJD750016)

摘　　要：在生态批评视域中,小说中的"自然"不仅被用来营造场景气氛、标志事件进程或烘托人物心境,同时也是达成创作意旨的隐喻和象征的主要载体。小说的"自然抒写"着眼于作家对人事与景物关系的处理,其隐含的自然审美观会对作品艺术风貌产生直接影响,并进而折射出创作主体的"精神生态"。借助探讨20世纪八九十年代数种重要创作思潮代表性小说文本"自然抒写"的流变,可以透视新时期文学人道主义审美思潮的演进轨迹:知青小说粗狂沉滞的"自然抒写"中充溢着青春激情;乡土风俗小说圆融灵动的"自然抒写"中呈现出人性的自然回归;寻根、先锋小说深邃、狞厉的"自然抒写"中蕴含着人性的哲理求索;90年代生态小说悠远澄澈的"自然抒写"中则透露出"天人合一"的诗意憬悟。由此可见,新时期小说紧紧依托自然审美来呈现主体意识对理想、自由等价值目标的追求,其艺术风貌也因作家自然审美态度及抒写方式的不同而呈现出色彩斑斓的风致,其间折射出来的人与自然审美主客体关系的演化成为观测世纪之交"精神生态"的一扇视角绝佳的窗口。From the view of ecology criticism,' Nature writing ' in novel focus on the disposing of relationship between personnel and scenery,and the nature aesthetics viewpoint being contained in it impacts directly the art appearance of novel,and also reflects ' spirit state ' of the writer.In the new-period,the nature writing in Educated youth novels was full of passion;The nature writing in Local customs novels signaled humanity back-to-nature;The nature writing in the roots and vanguard novels contained philosophical thoughts of humanity;The nature writing in the ecological novels of the 1990s called harmony between man and nature.Here the discuss is carried out on the evolution of nature writing of important typical novels written in 1980s and 1990s,and the evolution path of literature humanitarianism aesthetics in the new period could be seen through clearly.It is obvious that the novels in the new period express the writer ' s seeking for idea and freedom basing on nature writing.The art appearances are abundant and quite different thanks to the difference of writer's aesthetics and writing style.

关 键 词：小说 新时期 自然抒写 人性 精神生态 

分 类 号：I206.7[文学—中国文学]