叶面施硒对甜柿果实品质及重金属含量的影响  

Effects of Foliar Feeding of Selenium on Fruit Quality and Accumulation of Cadmium,Lead and Mercury in Sweet Persimmon

作　　者：杨燕君[1] 刘晓华[1] 宁婵娟[2] 冀爱青[2,3] 丁宁[1] 许领军 王鹏[5] 吴国良[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学园艺学院、河南省果树瓜类生物学重点实验室,郑州450002 [2]山西农业大学园艺学院,山西太谷030801 [3]晋中学院生命科学与技术学院,山西榆次030600 [4]郑州成皋生态农业开发有限公司,郑州450141 [5]河南农业科学院园艺研究所,郑州450002

出　　处：《园艺学报》2013年第3期523-530,共8页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31171943);河南省重大科技攻关项目(92101110600)

摘　　要：以‘阳丰’、‘兴津20’和‘次郎’甜柿为试材,分别用0、50、100、150、200mg·L-1浓度的亚硒酸钠进行叶面喷施,研究硒和重金属镉、铅、汞在甜柿机体内的积累情况以及硒对果实品质的影响,探明硒对镉、铅和汞的互作效应,以期为叶面施硒改善甜柿果实品质提供理论依据。试验结果表明:硒处理浓度以150mg·L-1为最佳;甜柿叶片和果实中的硒含量随施硒浓度的增大而增大;在0～150mg·L-1范围内随着外源硒浓度的增大,叶片和果实中的镉、铅、汞含量下降,果实中可溶性糖、维生素C和可溶性固形物含量上升,可滴定酸含量下降;施硒浓度达到200mg·L-1,叶片和果实中重金属含量上升,果实品质下降;叶面喷硒可明显抑制3种甜柿品种中镉、铅、汞的含量,并且对‘兴津20’的镉、汞含量的抑制幅度最大,对‘次郎’中的铅含量抑制幅度最大。‘兴津20’综合表现优于‘次郎’和‘阳丰’。This study investigated the potential to improve fruit quality of sweet persimmon （Diospyros kaki） using foliar feeding of selenium. Trees of three cultivars （ ‘Youhou＇, ‘Okitsu 20＇ and ‘Jiro＇） were sprayed with Na2SeO3 at five concentrations （0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg·L^-1） . Accumulation of heavy metals including cadmium （Cd）, lead （Pb） and mercury （Hg） and fruits qualityattributes were assessed. The results indicated that 150 mg·L^-1 Na2SeO3 was considered the optimumconcentration for foliar feeding of Se on sweet persimmon trees. Selenium concentrations in both leaves and fruit increased as application dosage increased from 0 to 150 mg·L^-1 Na2SeO3. On the other hand,Cd, Pb and Hg concentrations decreased as application dosage increased up to 150 mg·L^-1Na2SeO3. In the meantime, solublesugar, titratable acid, vitamin C and soluble solids in fruit increased. However, thistrend was reversed when application dosage increased further to 200 mg·L^-1 Na2SeO3. Of the three cultivars used in this study, treatment effects were more pronounced on ‘Okitsu 20＇ compared with theeffects on ‘Youhou＇ and ‘Jiro＇ . The results indicate that the exogenous application of Se can better the quality of fruit and reduce the content of metal in the persimmon trees.

关 键 词：柿 硒 累积量 叶片 果实 重金属 

分 类 号：S665.2[农业科学—果树学]