三峡水库蓄水对洞庭湖湿地生态系统服务价值的影响  

Effects of Three Gorges Reservoir impoundment on the wetland ecosystem service value of Dongting Lake,South-central China

作　　者：李景保[1] 代勇[1] 殷日新[1] 杨燕[1] 李玉丹[1] 王克英[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院,长沙410081

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2013年第3期809-817,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41071067);湖南省重点学科地理学建设项目资助

摘　　要：通过实地调查与测定,获取相关数据,运用货币方法分别估算三峡水库蓄水前(1996年)后(2010年)洞庭湖湿地生态系统服务价值.结果表明:三峡水库蓄水后,湿地生态系统服务总价值由1996年的156.69×108元增加到2010年的177.11×108元;1996年湿地主要服务价值量排位为:调蓄洪水>蓄水供水>大气调节>科研教育,2010年湿地主要服务价值量排位变为旅游休闲>交通航运>大气调节>蓄水供水;在洞庭湖湿地生态系统服务总价值量中,与水体关联的直接价值量由1996年的110.85×108元减少到2010年的27.47×108元,减少了75.2%;尽管物质产品生产与供给方面的直接价值比重有所增加,但生态环境调节与维护、文化社会方面的间接价值却保持在总价值量的80%左右;除气候因素外,三峡水库蓄水、长江入湖水沙减少也是导致洞庭湖湿地生态系统服务价值变化的症结所在.Based on the field investigation and measurement, and by using the monetary method, this paper estimated the wetland ecosystem service value of Dongting Lake before and after the im- poundment of Three Gorges Reservoir （in 1996 and 2010, respectively）. After the impoundment, the total ecosystem service value increased from 156.69×10^8 yuan in 1996 to 177.11 ×10^8 yuan in 2010. The main services value in 1996 was in the order of flood storage and regulation 〉 water storage and supply 〉 air regulation 〉 scientific research and education, while that in 2010 was leisure tourism 〉 shipping transportation 〉 air regulation 〉 water storage and supply. In the total service value of the wetland ecosystem, the direct value associated with water decreased from 110. 85×10^8 in 1996 to 27.47×10^8 in 2010, with a decrement of 75.2%. Though the proportion of the direct value in the production and supply of material products had somewhat increase, the indi- rect value in ecological environment regulation and maintenance and in culture and society still maintained at about 80% of the total value. In addition to climate factors, the impoundment of Three Reservoir and the reduction of water and sediment from Yangtze River to the Lake were the crucial reasons leading to the changes of the wetland ecosystem service value of Dongting Lake.

关 键 词：洞庭湖湿地 生态系统服务价值 三峡水库蓄水 

分 类 号：X820.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]