真空感应熔炼水冷铜模铸造对2024铝合金形变热处理组织及性能的影响  

Effects of Vacuum Induction Melting and Copper Water-Cooled Mould Casting on Thermo-Mechanical Treatment Microstructure and Properties of 2024 Aluminum Alloy

作　　者：叶浩[1] 严红革[1] 苏斌[1] 曾佩兰[1] 陈吉华[1] 吴鋆[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学材料科学与工程学院,长沙410082 [2]长沙矿冶研究院冶金化工工程公司,长沙410012

出　　处：《机械工程材料》2013年第3期11-15,20,共6页Materials For Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费自然科学类项目(531107040181)

摘　　要：通过拉伸试验机、扫描电镜、透射电镜和光学显微镜等研究了真空感应熔炼水冷铜模铸造对2024铝合金经形变热处理后组织及性能的影响。结果表明:相对于普通铸造,真空感应熔炼水冷铜模铸造可使合金显微组织得到很大程度的改善,等轴晶数目增多,晶粒得到明显细化,平均晶粒尺寸从125μm减小至28μm;经过形变热处理后,真空感应熔炼水冷铜模铸造合金的抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别达到603MPa,581MPa和12%,合金在获得高强度时仍保持较好的塑性;常规铸造合金经形变热处理后试样的拉伸断口形貌呈现脆性断裂特征,而真空感应熔炼水冷铜模铸造合金经形变热处理后试样拉伸断口形貌呈现韧性断裂特征。The effects of vacuum induction melting and copper water-cooled mould casting on microstructure and properties of 2024 aluminum alloy after thermo-mechanical treatment were studied using tensile testing, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and optical microscopy. The results show that compared with the conventional casting, the vacuum induction melting and copper water-cooled mould casting can improve the microstrueture of 2024 alloy, including increasing the amount of equiaxed grains, refining grains and decreasing the average grain size from 125μm to 28μ/m. The tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy after thermo-mechanical treatment （TMT） prepared by vacuum induction melting and copper water-cooled mould casting reached 603 MPa and 581 MPa, the specific elongation of the alloy was up to 12. 0%. The alloy had a good combination match of plasticity with strength. The fracture of conventional casting 2024 aluminum alloy presented brittle fracture mode, but the fracture of vacuum induction melting and copper water-cooled mould casting alloy presented ductile fracture mode.

关 键 词：2024铝合金 真空感应熔炼 水冷铜模铸造 显微组织 形变热处理 

分 类 号：TG146[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]