清代淮河水报制度建立及运作研究  

Research on the Establishment and Operation of the Flood Warning in Huai River during Qing Dynasty

作　　者：庄宏忠[1] 潘威[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学西北历史环境与经济社会发展研究院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《安徽史学》2013年第2期104-114,共11页Historical Research In Anhui

基　　金：陕西师范大学研究生培养创新基金资助项目成果之一

摘　　要：清政府淮河的管理,主要关注与黄、运关系密切的下游河段。随着集权统治的巩固和国势的提升,对于淮河上游水文环境信息的掌控也进入了清政府管理视野之中。乾隆二十二年清政府利用地方官员和社会民间的力量,在河南、安徽境内淮河上游沿线设置了多个志桩,观测其涨水尺寸,并将这些信息利用马递的方式,快捷地传递至下游治河官员处,一定程度上成为下游河工防洪调控的重要参考,从而建立起了淮河水报制度。淮河水报制度的建立和运作发展,是清政府要求掌控疆域内环境变化的结果,政府通过调动辖境内河官、地方官乃至基层人员等不同的人力资源,并相应地调整和完善其自身行政事务能力,从而使其环境管理的职能得到有效的发挥。The administration of the Qing government on Huai River mainly concerned downstream of river in close rela tion to Yellow River and Grand canal. With the centralized rule consolidation and its improvement, the upper river of Huai River hydrological environment information control got into the Qing government management view. Through proposal of offi cials managing river, the Qing government, which used local officials and civil society together, set up a number of water gauge stations in Henan and Anhui province along Huai River upstream in twenty two years of Qianlong. The establishment of the Flood Warning of Huai River, which took the information of upper river to deliver to Hongze Lake project by horse, be come an important reference of downstream flood control regulation. It was actually in the rise of the Qing government which sought to control the territory within the consequences of environmental change, the goverument through the mobilization of lo cal, staff and river officials, integrated different power into a collaborative one, adjusted and improved their administrative a bility, so as to make the environmental management function effectively.

关 键 词：清政府 淮河管理 志桩 水报制度 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]