老年人睡眠障碍与相关因素研究  

Sleep disturbances and related factors in the elderly

作　　者：杜小静[1] 孙桂平[2] 李艳玲[3] 谢秀君[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北大学护理学院,河北保定071000 [2]河北大学公共卫生学院 [3]河北大学附属医院中西医科

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2013年第6期1007-1010,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的调查老年人睡眠障碍与其相关因素。方法本研究为横断面研究,应用一般资料调查表及睡眠问卷调查某市468位老年人,评估睡眠障碍并分析其影响因素。结果男性平均睡眠时间长于女性(P﹤0.05),女性入睡困难频率高于男性(P﹤0.05)。睡眠障碍与退休,高BMI,服用安眠药,无规律就寝,关节炎或关节痛、抑郁及心血管疾病、前列腺增生病史有关,男性主观幸福感低也导致睡眠障碍;与婚姻状况、居住状况、吸烟习惯、IADL受限、高血压和中风等慢性疾病曾经发作无关。结论老年人睡眠障碍与此年龄段常见的某些不良习惯和精神健康问题有关,针对老年人睡眠障碍,医疗卫生人员应考虑到老年人睡眠障碍对健康的影响及潜在的健康问题。OBJECTIVE To observe the sleep disturbances and related factors of the elderly. METHODS 468 participants were enrolled in this cross-sectional study and epidemiological data were collected by a general information questionnaire and The Leeds Sleep Scale to access the sleep disturbances and related factors in the elderly. RESULTS The mean sleep duration was longer in men than that in women （P 〈 0.05）, and women reported dif culty in falling asleep more frequently than men （P 〈 0.05）. Sleep disturbances were associated with retirement from work, higher body mass index （BMI）, the use of sleeping pills, irregular bedtime, arthritis or joint pain, depression, history of cardiovascular disease and prostatic hypertrophy, and lower subjective well-being in men, but not with marital status, residential conditions, smoking habits, limited instrumental activity of daily living （IADL）, and past episode of such chronic diseases as hypertension and stroke. CONCLUSION Our study sug- gests a close association of sleep disturbances among elderly with the unhealthy lifestyle and several medical and psychiatric health problems that are usually more prevalent in such an age group. Our findings emphasize the realistic need for health providers to take underlying health problems and the effect of sleep disturbances on health into consideration.

关 键 词：睡眠障碍 精神健康问题 老年人 

分 类 号：R338.63[医药卫生—人体生理学]