食用黑粉菌侵染对茭白植株抗氧化系统和叶绿素荧光的影响  

Antioxidative system and chlorophyll fluorescence of Zizania latifolia Turcz. plants are affected by Ustilago esculenta infection

作　　者：闫宁[1] 王晓清[1] 王志丹[1] 张艳丽[1] 薛惠民[1] 郭得平[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学农业与生物技术学院园艺系,杭州310058

出　　处：《生态学报》2013年第5期1584-1593,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903017-03)

摘　　要：研究了茭白(Zizania latifolia Turcz.)受食用黑粉菌(Ustilago esculenta)侵染后的生长、抗氧化特性和叶绿素荧光的变化。结果表明,食用黑粉菌侵染导致植株的株高、叶长、叶宽、叶片厚度、根长、茎鲜重、根鲜重和地上部鲜重下降,但分蘖数提高;同时提高了茭白叶片的抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性和过氧化氢(H2O2)含量,但却引起超氧自由基(O2.-)产生速率和丙二醛(MDA)含量降低。食用黑粉菌侵染提高了叶片的PSⅡ实际光化学效率(ΦPSⅡ)和电子传递速率(ETR),同时降低了非光化学猝灭(NPQ),但对PSⅡ最大光化学量子产量(Fv/Fm)的影响不大。A smut fungus Ustilago esculenta causes enlargement of infected culms of Zizania latifolia, a perennial aquatic grass. The swollen culm is used as a vegetable in China and some southeastern countries. Interaction between the fungus and the host plant plays a vital role in the enlargement of infected culms. U. esculenta is a biotrophic endophyte that completes its life cycle in host tissues. In our previous studies, we have observed that Z. latifolia plants infected by U. esculenta showed higher net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content, which is different from the results obtained after induction by pathogens. However, in this plant-fungus association, detailed biochemical, physiological or morphological changes , and the role of reactive oxygen species （ROS） and their scavenging system as well as photosystem （PS） lI efficiency during this interactive process, have not been studied. To ascertain the actual relationship between U. esculenta and Z. latifolia, we determined the antioxidative system and chlorophyll fluorescence in leaves of Z. latifolia. The experiment was carried out at Zhejiang University, Hangzhou. Z. latifolia plants （cv. ＂Zhejiao No. 2 ＂, a double-harvest variety） were used in this study. There were 16 pots （10 plants each pot） in each treatment. These plants were regularly watered to keep a 10 cm-layer of water above soil. Pesticides were sprayed for the prevention of pests and diseases if needed. In this study, the response of Z. latifolia plants to U. esculenta infection was investigated, and activities of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide radical （O2＇-） formation rate, hydrogen peroxide （H2O2） content, malondialdehyde （MDA） content, and chlorophyll fluorescence were determined. Our results showed that plant height, leaf length, leaf width, leaf thickness, root length, biomass of culm, root and aboveground were reduced, but tiller number was increased by U. esculenta infection. Meanwhile, U. esculenta infection caused increase in activities of ascorbate

关 键 词：茭白 食用黑粉菌 抗氧化酶 超氧自由基 过氧化氢 丙二醛 叶绿素荧光 

分 类 号：S436.45[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]