自适应Tree-Mesh结构的大棚无线监测网络设计  

Design of adaptive tree-mesh hybrid wireless sensor networks for greenhouses

作　　者：石繁荣[1] 黄玉清[1] 任珍文[1] 伍春[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学信息工程学院,绵阳621010 [2]西南科技大学国防科技学院,绵阳621010

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2013年第5期102-108,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：绵阳市科技计划项目(10J006)

摘　　要：针对大棚基地作物状态及环境信息的无线采集的需求,设计了改进的分簇Tree-Mesh混合拓扑结构无线传感器网络,并利用ZigBee实现了组网和多跳通信,以CC2530为核心设计了多传感器无线节点硬件系统,基于Z-Stack协议栈设计了有限状态机节点程序。同时,针对无线节点低功耗和网络信息低冗余的要求,设计了基于接收信号强度指示的最佳发射功率自适应机制,和基于感知数据差值的最小传输数据冗余自适应机制。试验结果表明,节点单跳和多跳通信速率典型值分别为20与0.3kb/s,采用干电池供电和直流供电的节点通信距离分别可达30和90m。仿真结果证明采用低功耗自适应机制的节点功耗降低了38.44%,可用作大棚基地的环境监测。Wireless sensor networks have been widely utilized in agricultural production in such as crop information monitoring systems, agricultural facilities’ wireless control systems, etc. The wireless sensor networks could promote the development of agricultural information and intelligence, and more research has been focused on using ZigBee wireless technology to build the networks in recent years. To collect the base crop status and environmental information of greenhouses in a wireless way, a wireless sensor monitoring network system was designed. The basic work of this paper was the software and hardware system design; further work is projected to be low-power adaptive mechanism design. In analyzing the distribution characteristics of the greenhouse base, it could be seen that the greenhouses were concentrated in their distribution, but independent from each other. So the network topology architecture was designed as clustering Tree-Mesh hybrid topology architecture, and the nodes of the cluster belonged to the same greenhouse. The network was built up by a coordinator, and a large number of routers and sensor nodes were joined in. The coordinator was a sink node, it was designed as a gateway, and there were some routers which played the role of cluster head in the network. The clustering Tree-Mesh hybrid network was built in two steps： First, the mesh network was established by the coordinator and cluster head. Then, the tree network was built by the cluster head, and the tree was a cluster with routers and sensor nodes. The system utilized ZigBee to build the wireless sensor network and multi-hop communication, and the hardware of a single chip multi-sensor wireless node based CC2530 was designed. The modular design of the hardware subsystem was composed of a radio module, sensor module and power module. The finite state machine node software and the low-power improvement were designed based on Z-Stack. The stack ran on a task allocation mechanism that was similar to the embedded operating system. According t

关 键 词：传感器 拓扑 监测 Tree-Mesh ZigBee CC2530 自适应 低功耗 

分 类 号：S126[农业科学—农业基础科学] TN919.72[电子电信—通信与信息系统]