低钾血症患者不同补钾途径及护理措施  

Different routes of supplement kalium and nursing intervention for patients with hypokalemia

作　　者：汪文英[1] 陈付华[1] 王银娥[1] 王玲[1] 张晓珍[1] 

机构地区：[1]蚌埠医学院第一附属医院神经内科,安徽蚌埠233004

出　　处：《蚌埠医学院学报》2013年第2期224-226,共3页Journal of Bengbu Medical College

摘　　要：目的:探讨低钾血症患者不同补钾途径及护理措施。方法:30例由各种原因导致的低血钾患者,6例采用口服10%氯化钾或枸橼酸钾;16例采用静脉滴入,注意控制补钾浓度及速度,密切观察有无静脉炎等情况发生;5例采用静脉高浓度补钾,密切监护患者生命体征;3例采用超声雾化吸入。做好饮食护理、心理护理和健康教育。结果:24 h后血钾浓度均升至正常范围。7例发生静脉炎,无心率失常等并发症出现。结论:3种途径补钾均有效,但在补钾过程中要严密监护,加强护理,预防并发症。Objective：To explore the different routes of supplement kalium and nursing intervention for patients with kaliopenia. Methods：Thirty cases with kaliopenia were supplemented with kalium by oral, vein and ultrasonic aerosol inhalation routes. Six cases were supplemented with 10% potassium chloride or potassium citrate by oral intaking. Sixteen cases were supplemented with kalium by intravenous infusion,the concentration and velocity of supplement kalium were controlled and the occurrence of phlebitis was observed. Five cases were supplemented with high concentration kalium by intravenous infusion, the vital signs of patients were monitored closely. Three cases were supplemented with kalium by ultrasonic aerosol inhalation. Good food and mental nursing and health education for patients were performed. Results：The concentrations of potassium in serum of all patients raised to the normal levels after 24 hours. There were not complications including arrhythmia for all patients. Conclusions：The effects of supplement kalium by 3 routes are effective, but close monitoring, good nursing and preventing complications should be noticed during the process of supplement kalium.

关 键 词：低钾血症 补钾 护理 

分 类 号：R591.1[医药卫生—内科学]