团体健康教育在鼻咽癌患者放疗后出院指导中的应用  

Application of group health education in discharge guidance for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy

作　　者：张仕碧[1] 杨青[1] 江庆华[1] 白洪芳[1] 曾万琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省肿瘤医院放疗五病区,成都610041

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2013年第4期416-418,共3页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的探讨团体健康教育在鼻咽癌患者放疗后出院指导中的应用效果。方法将2009年6月至2010年6月行鼻咽癌根治性放疗的初治患者80例作为对照组，出院时进行口头健康教育；2010年6月至2011年6月行鼻咽癌根治性放疗的初治患者80例为观察组，出院时进行团体健康教育。比较两种不同方法的出院指导对鼻咽癌患者放疗后1年并发症发生率的影响。结果观察组患者出院后1年按时复查、漱口、鼻咽冲洗、张口锻炼、颈部锻炼等康复指导内容的依从性均较对照组升高（85％比68％，97％比88％，99％比70％，100％比72％，95％比60％），差异有统计学意义（x。值分别为6．892，5．766，25．079，25．507，12．822；P〈0．05）。观察组患者出院后1年张口困难、颈部运动受限、副鼻窦炎、中耳炎、鼻出血等放疗并发症发生率明显降低（1．2％比15．0％，1．2％比5．0％，3．8％比23．0％，1．2％比12．0％，2．5％比17．0％），差异有统计学意义（x。值分别为11．568，11．568，12．333，7．907，10．000；P〈0．05）。结论团体健康教育出院指导更加满足鼻咽癌患者根治性治疗的康复需求，加强患者坚持康复功能锻炼的主观意识，提高患者的依从性，减少并发症的发生，有效促进患者的康复，提高患者生存质量。Objective To evaluate the effect of group health education for nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients who received radiotherapy. Methods Eighty cases of previously untreated patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who accepted radical radiotherapy from June 2009 to June 2010 were chosen as the control group, and 80 cases with the same conditions through June 2010 to June 20ll were chosen as the experimental group. The control group and experimental group were given oral health education and group health education respectively. The incidence of radiotherapy-related complications in patients who accepted two different methods of discharge guidance were compared. Results The improvement of patient compliance to rehabilitation guidance including regular reexamination, gargling, nasopharyngeal washing, mouth opening excise and neck excise was better in the experimental group than in the control group （85% vs 68% ,97% vs 88% ,99% vs 70% , 100% vs 72% and 95% vs 60% ） , and the differences were statistically significant （ X2 = 6. 892,5. 766,25. 079,25. 507, 12. 822, respectively; P 〈 0.05 ）. The decreases in rate of complications including difficulty in mouth opening, neck movement restriction, sinusitis, otitis media and nasal bleeding were also better in the experimental group than in the control group （1.2% vs 15.0%, 1.2% vs 5.0% ,3.8% vs 23.0%,1.2% vs 12.0% and 2.5% vs 17.0% ）, and the differences were statistically significant （ X2 = ll. 568,11. 568, 12. 333,7. 907,10. 000, respectively; P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions Group health education can better meet the rehabilitation needs of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, strengthen their subjective awareness of persisting in rehabilitation functional exercise, improve patient＇ s compliance and reduce the incidence of complications, so as to promote their rehabilitation and improve their life quality.

关 键 词：鼻咽癌 放射治疗 并发症 出院康复指导 团体健康教育 

分 类 号：R473.73[医药卫生—护理学]