处方农作车载嵌入式信息处理系统的研制  

Development of vehicular embedded information processing system for map-based precision farming

作　　者：魏新华[1] 但志敏[1] 孙宏伟[1] 张进敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学现代农业装备与技术教育部重点实验室,镇江212013

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2013年第6期142-149,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK2009200);镇江市农业科技支撑计划资助项目(NY201025);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(苏财教(2011)8号);江苏省农业装备智能化高技术研究重点实验室资助项目(BM2009703)

摘　　要：针对智能化精细处方农作系统田间作业机组对车载信息采集和处理的需要,以ARM(adanced RISC machines)工控系统和嵌入式GIS为核心,集成DGPS(differential global positioning system)系统和机组作业速度检测装置等,研制了一套处方农作车载嵌入式信息处理系统。该系统通过RS-232接口获取DGPS系统的动态GPS定位信息,通过USB接口输出农田信息分布图或输入作业处方图,通过CAN总线采用iCAN协议与农田信息采集系统和变量农作控制器互联。嵌入式GIS由eSupermap 6.0开发而成,运行于ARM工控系统的Windows CE 5.0操作系统;可通过网格划分和属性编辑实现GPS定位信息与农田信息的融合,生成农田信息分布图;还可通过坐标匹配进行机组当前作业位置在工作空间图中的网格识别,实现处方图的解译。模拟测试试验结果表明:该系统信息处理功能正常,能够完成农田信息分布图的生成和处方图的解译,机组作业速度检测绝对误差≤0.1km/h、处方图解译最大延迟时间≤1s、3km/h作业速度下的网格判别误差约为-0.5～0.6m,适合各种智能化处方农作系统田间作业机组的车载信息处理应用。In order to meet needs of information acquisition and processing of map-based intelligent precision farming machinery, a vehicular embedded information processing system was developed. Based on an embedded GIS and an ARM（Adanced RISC Machines）-based industrial control subsystem, the system integrated a DGPS （differential global positioning system） subsystem and a detection device monitoring traveling speed of the farming machinery. The ARM-based industrial control subsystem was composed of an EPCS-8980 typed ARM IPC （Guangzhou Zhiyuan Electronic Co., Ltd, China） and a liquid crystal display touch screen. The ARM IPC had a strong ability to process information with a XScaleTMPXA270 （Intel company, the United States） CPU and a basic frequency of 416 MHz. Based on eSupermap 6.0, the embedded GIS was developed and operated on Windows CE 5.0 in the ARM-based industrial control subsystem. The DGPS subsystem consisted of a G12-B typed DGPS reference station （Beijing Wintek Technology Development Co.,Ltd, China）, a SX-2A typed DGPS mobile module （Hemisphere GPS Company, Canada） and 2 broadcasting stations, could realize a real-time positioning accuracy of sub-meter. The detection device of traveling speed consisted of a iCAN-7202 frequency measuring module （Guangzhou Zhiyuan Electronic Co., Ltd, China） and a JK8002C Hall typed proximity sensor （Nanjing camellia electronic Co., Ltd, China）, measured the instantaneous traveling speed by monitoring rotating speed of the wheel. The system received farmland information from the farmland information acquisition module through CAN bus with iCAN protocol, integrated it with the dynamic GPS location information received from the DGPS subsystem by RS-232 interface, generated farmland information distribution map in the embedded GIS by means of grid dividing and attribute editing, and output it via USB interface. The distribution map was on ＊.pmw format. But the crop management decision system couldn＇t access files with this format. So format tra

关 键 词：车载 嵌入式系统 信息系统 精细农业 农田信息分布图 

分 类 号：TP29[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] S24[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]