生物肥料多功能芽孢杆菌的筛选及其作用机理研究  

Selection of multifunctional bacillus strains of biological fertilizer and the study of their mechanisms on plant growth

作　　者：张艳群[1] 来航线[1] 韦小敏[1] 王旭东[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2013年第2期489-497,共9页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金："十二.五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B11);陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目(2011KTDZ02-01)资助

摘　　要：本研究旨在筛选出多功能芽孢菌株及其组合,并对其促生机理进行研究。通过平板对峙法、发酵液拮抗活性的测定、盆栽试验、土壤养分测定和植株根域土壤区系分析从9株供试芽孢杆菌中进行多功能菌株的筛选,并通过室内相容性试验,得到功能菌株最佳复配组合。除菌株B02和B08外,其余菌株都具有抑制多种病原真菌和促进植株生长的作用。菌株B04的促生作用较强,在生长30 d和60 d时总干重比对照分别增加了28.4%和44.6%;菌株B06的抑病作用较强,对8种植物病原真菌的R2/R1为0.4～1.8,无菌滤液对8种植物病原真菌的抑制率为66.7%～87.5%;此外,菌株B01具有活化氮和磷的作用,B03、B04、B05和B06具有活化氮和钾的作用,B07具有活化钾的作用,B09具有活化氮、磷和钾的作用,氮的活化率为8.4%～23.2%,磷的活化率为3.5%～8.4%,钾的活化率为4.2%～26.8%。菌株室内相容性试验结果表明,最佳复配组合为B04-B06-B07和B01-B04-B07。供试9株芽孢杆菌都具有抑病、促生、活化养分和改善微生物区系作用中的一种或一种以上功能。多功能芽孢杆菌的菌群组合研究的理论依据可靠可行,实践依据还有待进一步研究。This study aimed to screen multifunctional bacillus strain, to select the efficient combination of different strains and to investigate the mechanism of plant growth-promoting strain. In order to screen multifunctional bacillus strain from 9 candidate strains, the method of fiat confrontation, antagonistic activity determination of fermentation filtrate, potted plant growth test, and soil nutrient and soil microbial groups analysis were used. Through the compatibility tests indoor, the optimal combination of functional bacillus strain was obtained. All bacillus strains are found with the function of inhibiting several pathogenic fungi and promoting plant growth except for B02 and B08. B04 is more efficient in promoting plant growth than other strains, and compared to the control, the total dry weights of plant are increased by 28.4% and 44. 6% at the days of 30 and 60 respectively. B06 is more effective in inhibiting 8 pathogenic fungi than other strains, with R2/R1 ranging from 0. 4 to 1.8, and the inhibition rate of sterile fermentation fihrate is from 66. 7% to 87.5%. Besides, B01 has a role of activating N and P, B03, B04, B05 and B06 have a role of activating N and K, B07 has a role of activating K, and B09 has a role of activating N, P and K. The activated rate of N is from 8.4% to 23.2%, the activated rate of P is from 3.5% to 8.4%, and the activated rate of K is from 4. 2% to 26. 8%. Results of the compatibility tests indoor show that the optimal combinations are B04 - B06 - B07 and R01 - B04 - B07. The 9 bacillus strains have one or more than one functions of inhibiting pathogenic fungi, promoting plant growth, activating soil nutrient and improving soil microbial groups. The study of selecting combination of mutifunctional bacillus strain is reliable and feasible.

关 键 词：生物肥料 芽孢杆菌 功能性筛选 复配组合 

分 类 号：S144[农业科学—肥料学]