三种大鼠颅眶联合损伤模型的比较观察  

Comparative Observation on Three Kinds of Cranio-Orbital Injury Models in Rats

作　　者：高晨[1] 周海燕[2] 荔志云[3] 张景科[4] 贾平[1] 王向阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州军区兰州总医院安宁分院脑外科,兰州730070 [2]兰州大学第一医院眼科,兰州730000 [3]兰州军区兰州总医院神经外科,兰州730030 [4]兰州大学医学实验动物中心,兰州730000

出　　处：《实验动物与比较医学》2013年第1期33-38,共6页Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine

基　　金：甘肃省技术研究与开发专项计划（1105TCYA004）和兰州军区“十二五”医学科技青年专项课题基金

摘　　要：目的建立符合临床实际的大鼠颅眶联合伤模型，为进一步研究损伤机制及治疗措施奠定基础。方法60只清洁级SD大鼠，随机均分为A组（钳夹致伤组），B组（自由落体致伤组），C组（液压冲击致伤组）。分别建立大鼠左眼颅眶联合伤模型。造模后对模型眼Marcus—gun瞳孔、眼球突出、眼睑闭合不全、眼底出血、视神经断裂、感染、眼眶骨折、视神经鞘膜出血、脑挫裂伤发生率以及病死率分别统计。对比观察模型眼与正常眼的视网膜微观结构及视神经节细胞（RGCs）超微结构。结果依据颅眶联合伤动物模型标准评价各组造模情况，C组优于其余两组。成功的模型眼视网膜HE染色结构紊乱，RGcs计数明显减少。模型眼RGcs的超微结构表现出典型的凋亡特征。结论应用液压冲击颅脑损伤仪（FPI）可以成功建立符合临床实际的颅眶联合伤动物模型，为进一步研究损伤机制及治疗措施提供了良好的实验基础。Objective To establish cranio-orbital injury models in rats which may help the research of the mechanisms and treatment of the injury. Methods Sixty rats were randomly divided into 3groups, group A（forceps injury group）,group B（free fall impact injury group） and group C（fluid percussion injury group）. The cranio-orbital injury models on the left eyes of rats in the 3 groups were established respectively. The incidence of Marcus-gun pupil, exophthalmos, hypophasis, subhyaloid hemorrhage, optic nerve transaction, infection, orbit fracture, optic nerve sheaths hemorrhage, contusion and laceration of the brain in the model eyes and the mortality were counted respectively after surgery. The retina of normal eyes and model eyes were observed by microscope, the ultrastructure of retinal ganglion cells （RGCs） were observed under electron microscope. Results The performance of group A was superior to that of the other two groups with the standard of cranio-orbital injury models. The retina structure of model eyes was disorganized and the quantity of RGCs significantly reduced after injury. The ultrastructure of RGCs in model eyes showed the typical characteristics of apoptosis. Conclusion The animal models of cranio-orbital injury which according with the clinical reality can be established successfully with fluid percussion brain injury device （FPI） .This model provides a solid experimental foundation for future searching the mechanisms and treatment of the injury.

关 键 词：颅眶联合伤 视神经 动物模型 

分 类 号：R-332[医药卫生] R651.15