一株新的具有高效降低烟碱含量的短小芽孢杆菌MK21的分离筛选及作用研究  

Isolation and screening of a new Brevibacillus brevis strain MK21 with high nicotine degradation effect

作　　者：陈德鑫[1] 许家来 马志远[3] 郭志刚[4] 安德荣[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国烟草总公司青州烟草研究所 [2]山东烟草研究院 [3]西北农林科技大学植物保护学院,陕西省杨凌示范区邰城路3号712100 [4]陕西中烟工业有限责任公司,陕西省宝鸡市宝烟路1号720001

出　　处：《中国烟草学报》2013年第1期60-64,共5页Acta Tabacaria Sinica

基　　金：国家"863特殊生物资源开发和利用项目"(2007AA021503);陕西中烟公司生物发酵增香减害项目(2010182)

摘　　要：采用以烟碱作为唯一碳氮源的选择性培养基,对烟草表面的细菌进行选择性分离,建立降低烟碱含量菌库,通过富集初筛复筛等试验后,从中筛选出一株具有高效降解烟碱能力的细菌MK21。根据形态学特征和生理生化反应及16SrDNA的鉴定,鉴定其为短小芽孢杆菌。将该菌制成菌剂喷施于50 g烟丝样品上,发酵处理5 d。通过测定烟丝的总糖、还原糖、烟碱、氯、钾含量。结果表明:处理后的烟丝中烟碱含量均有下降,其中最高的达到了26.3%。通过短小芽孢杆菌MK21处理后的烟叶样品,达到刺激性降低、掩盖杂气和改善卷烟吸味的效果。Study was carried out in order to provide a theoretical basis for research and application of reducing nicotine by microbial. Nicotine was chosen as the only selective medium of nitrogen source. A series of bacteria which can decompose nicotine were found, and a strain coded MK21 was identified. According to its morphology feature and physiological and biochemical characteristics and test on 16SrDNA, Breibacillus breis was identified Applying this bacteria on 50g samples of cut tobacco and then leave for fermentation for 5 days, Content of total sugar, reducing sugar, nicotine, chlorine and potassium were measured. Results showed that nicotine content in all samples declined as far as to 26.3%. Samples treated by MK21 with lower irritating chemicals can cover unpleasantness and improve taste.

关 键 词：烟叶 生物降解 短短芽孢杆菌 烟碱 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]