三种营养素在老年大鼠早期压疮形成中的干预作用比较  

Comparative effects of three nutrients on early pressure ulcer formation in aged SD rats

作　　者：王艳[1] 郑国荣[1] 陈慧敏[1] 刁波[2] 高金华[1] 严志[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州军区武汉总医院消化内科,湖北武汉430070 [2]广州军区武汉总医院神经外科实验中心,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2013年第4期40-43,共4页

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金资助项目(2012FFD06806)

摘　　要：目的比较ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸(ω-3PUFAs)、精氨酸(Arg)及谷氨酰胺(Gln)对老年大鼠早期压力性损伤的干预作用。方法将36只老年SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组各6只,营养素干预组即ω-3PUFAs组、Arg组及Gln组各8只;对照组和模型组大鼠喂养普通饲料,营养素干预组大鼠采用普通饲料分别加ω-3PUFAs、Arg及Gln营养液喂养20d;应用自制简易压力装置对模型组和干预组建立压疮模型。光镜下观察受压皮肤肌肉组织病理学改变;检测肌酸磷酸激酶(CPK)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和髓过氧化物酶(MPO)的活性和含量,细胞凋亡(AI)情况。结果模型组与对照组比较,镜下受压组织细胞结构发生明显改变,SOD显著降低,CPK、MPO及AI显著增高(均P<0.01);营养素干预各组与模型组比较,受压组织受损程度显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),其中以ω-3PUFAs组效果最佳。结论补充ω-3PUFAs、Gln和Arg均可拮抗早期压疮形成中受压组织的氧化应激损伤,尤其是早期进行ω-3PUFAs干预,效果更好。Objective To compare the effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids （ω-3PUFAs）, glutamine （Gin） and arginine （Arg） on early pressure ulcer formation in aged SD rats. Methods Totally, 36 male elderly SD rats were randomly divided into a control group of 6, a model group of 6, and 3 experimental groups which were the ω-3PUFAs group, the Gln group and the Arg group, with each group having 8 rats. The control group and the model group were fed with a normal diet, while the experimental rats with ω-3PUFAs, Gln-and Arg-added diet, respectively. Twenty days later, a pressure ulcer model was developed in the model group and the experimental groups with a self-designed indentor. Gracilis muscles of the rats were harvested from the site of com- pression for histological evaluation under optical mieroscope; the content of creatine phosphokinase（CPK）, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, myeloperoxidase（MPO） and the muscle cell apoptosis index （AI） were detected. Results Compared with the control group, cell structures of the compressed tissue in the model group changed significantly, the activity of SOD was significantly suppressed, while the contents of CPK, MPO and AI were significantly increased（P〈0.01 for all）. Compared with the model group, the se- verity of tissue damage of compressed tissue harvested from the experimental groups were significantly lessened （P〈0.05, P〈0.01）, with the ω-3PUFAs group achieving the best anti-pressure-ulcer effect. Conclusion Supplementary ω-3PUFAs, Gin and Arg could antagonize the oxidative stress and apoptosis in tissue injury of early pressure. Particularly, diet intervention with ω-3PUFAs could yield better effect.

关 键 词：压疮 老年大鼠 Ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸 谷氨酰胺 精氨酸 动物实验 

分 类 号：R471[医药卫生—护理学]