低浓度铅对女工高血压影响探讨  

Investigation of influence of low concentration lead on hypertension with female workers

作　　者：王贤[1] 刘丽波[1] 李玲[1] 杨杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]白求恩医科大学预防医学院,130021

出　　处：《吉林医学》2000年第5期294-295,共2页Jilin Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的 :高浓度铅接触对心血管的影响早已肯定 ,但低浓度 (TWA为 0 .0 34mg/ m3)铅接触对心血管 ,特别是对女性是否仍有影响报道很少 ,而女性低铅作业人数约占 75 %～ 80 %。为搞清低浓度铅对女性健康的影响 ,我们对 82名低铅接触女工进行了全面调查和研究。方法 :采用时间加权平均浓度 (TWA)表示该车间空气中铅浓度和接触者体内吸收水平 ,并测定血压 ,面询工龄、年龄、神经系统发病率等。结果 :高血压发病年龄提前 ,接触组患病率最高年龄段在 30岁～ 40岁之间 (占 6 0 % ) ,最小年龄2 0岁。对照组患病率最高年龄段在 40岁～ 5 0岁之间 ,最小年龄 2 8岁 ;高血压发病和铅接触时间有关。发病者中工龄最短为 2 a,工龄 2 0 a之内发病者占 75 % ;铅接触组高血压患者神经系统症状和非高血压组有差异 ,接触组以头痛、睡眠障碍为主 ;非高血压组以头昏发病率为最高。结论 :低铅接触对女性心血管系统仍有影响 。Objective The effects of high-concentration-lead exposure on cardiovascular system have long been proved,but less is reported on whether low-concentration-lead exposure(TWA 0.034mg/m 3)still has the same kind of effects on people's cardiovascular systems,especially those of the female workers.The female workers take up 75%～80% of the total low-concentration-lead operators.In order to make clear of the effects of low-concentration-lead on female workers'health,we make all-round investigation and study on 82 female workers under such working environment.Method We used TWA to indicate lead concentration in the air of the workshop and the amount the workers have absorbed into their bodies.We took notes of their blood pressure,age,length of service,neural system symptoms morbidity,etc.Low-concentation-lead(TWA0.034mg/m 3)affects the blood pressure of exposures.Results Age incidence of hypetension has been moved up.The highest morbidity of the exposure group attacks people between 30～40 years old (taking up 60%),the lowest around 20.In contrast to the control group among which the highest is between 40～50 years old,the lowest 28.The morbidity of hypertension keeps in with lead exposure duration.Among those suffering from hypertension,the shortest working years are 2.While to the workers of within ten years'standing,the morbidity accounts for 75%.Among the exposure group,difference exists in neural system symptoms between those attacked by hpyertension and those otherwise.The former takes the form of headache and sleep-disorder while the latter suffering the hightest morbidity of dizziness.Conclusion The conclusion is that low-concentration-lead exposure still affects the cardiovascular systems of the female workers.Blood-pressure value should also be one of the indices monitoring female's lead exposure.

关 键 词：低浓度铅 女工 高血压 

分 类 号：R135.11[医药卫生—劳动卫生]