财政金融政策影响城乡收入差距的阶段变化研究  

Periodic Change of the Influence of Financial Policy on Urban-Rural Income Gap

作　　者：王小华[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学经济管理学院,重庆北碚400715

出　　处：《西部论坛》2013年第2期11-19,共9页West Forum

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目(11&ZD047)"农民收入超常规增长的要素集聚与战略协同研究";国家社科基金青年项目(12CJY062)"农村扶贫金融制度构建与创新研究";国家社科基金西部项目(11XMZ046);教育部人文社科规划基金项目(11YJA790146);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(12YJC790041)

摘　　要：采用1985—2011年我国29个省、市、自治区的面板数据,分1985—1994年、1995—2003年、2004—2011年三个阶段,对城乡居民收入差距的影响因素进行分析,结果表明:虽然1985—2011年的财政支出和金融发展与城乡居民收入差距呈显著正相关关系,但2004—2011年的财政支出和金融发展与城乡居民收入差距呈显著负相关关系,且财政支出对缩小城乡居民收入差距的作用更大,效果更为明显;1985—2011年的产业结构优化有利于缩小城乡居民收入差距,产业结构升级、经济增长、对外开放、通货膨胀和城市化进程与城乡居民收入差距均呈显著正相关关系;而2004—2011年仅城市化的系数显著为正。因此,近年来我国积极的财政金融政策对缩小城乡居民收入差距具有显著的正向作用。应将更多的财政资源用于农业和农村发展,引导金融资源流向"三农",并加快产业结构调整,以进一步缩小城乡收入差距。This article analyzes the influential factors of income gap between urban and rural inhabitants during 1985--1994, 1995--2003 and 2004--2011 based on panel data of 29 provinces and municipalities of China from 1985 to 2011, the results show that although there is a significantly positive correlation between urban and rural inhabitants income gap and financial expenditure as well as financial development, however, during 2004--2011, financial expenditure and financial development are obviously negatively related to urban and rural inhabitants income gap, furthermore, the role of financial expenditure is bigger on narrowing urban and rural inhabitants income gap and its effect is more significant, that the industrial structure optimization during 1985--2011 is conducive to shrinking urban and rural inhabitants income gap, industrial structure upgrading, economic growth, opening to outside, inflation and urbanization are all obviously positively related to urban and rural inhabitants income gap, however, during 2004--2011, only urbanization coefficient is significantly positive. Thus, in recent years, China＇ s active financial policy has obviously positive effect on narrowing urban and rural inhabitants income gap. China should use more financial resources to develop agriculture and countryside, guide financial resources to flow to ＂Three Agricultures＂, and accelerate industrial structure adjustment in order to further shrink urban and rural inhabitants income gap.

关 键 词：财政金融政策 城乡收入差距 财政支出 金融发展 产业结构优化 产业结构升级 城市化 三农问题 

分 类 号：F812[经济管理—财政学] F832F124.7F224