我国农村沼气池建设和使用影响因素研究——基于贵州丹寨县130村的调研分析  

Research on Influential Factors on the Construction and Utilization of Rural Household Firedamp Pools of China——Survey and Analysis of 130 Villages of Guizhou Danzhai County

作　　者：丁冬[1] 郑风田[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院,北京100872

出　　处：《西部论坛》2013年第2期51-57,共7页West Forum

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(07&ZD048)"完善社会管理与维护社会稳定机制研究";国家社会科学基金项目(07BJY085)"加强农村基础设施与公共事业建设研究"

摘　　要：利用对贵州丹寨县130个村庄的调研数据,分析发现:目前农村户用沼气池利用率偏低,沼气池建设和使用情况不但与村庄和农户的经济状况有关,而且受政策实施情况的影响。总体上,示范村沼气池建设数量多于非示范村,废弃率也低于非示范村;政府统一要求建设的沼气池数量多于个人申请建设的沼气池,但废弃率高于个人申请建设的沼气池;从沼气池建设资金配套来看,贫困村农户获得的政府补贴低于非贫困村,政府统一要求与个人申请建设的农户自筹资金基本相当。因此,政府应重视不同农户的差异化需求,采取差异化的支持策略,提高农户建设和使用沼气池的自愿性和积极性;同时,应扩大示范村范围,并加大对贫困农户的支持力度。Based on the survey data of 130 villages of Danzhai County of Guizhou Province, after analysis, this paper indicates that the utilization rate of current rural household firedamp pools is lower, the situation of the construction and utilization of the firedamp pools is not only related to the economic situation of the villages and the households but also is influenced by policy implementation. The number of the pools in model villages is more than of the pools in non-model villages, as a whole, its abandoning rate is lower than that of non-model villages, number of the pools uniformly required by governments is more than the pools required by individuals, but the abandoning rate of the pools is higher than that of the pools required by individuals, the governmental subsidy for the pool construction obtained by poor villages is lower than that of non-poor villages from the perspective of capital support, and the funds for the pool construction required by governments is basically approximate to the self-funds of the households. Thus, governments should pay attention to different demands of different households, use different support policies, boost willingness and enthusiasm for the households to construct and use the pools, meanwhile, expand the scope of model villages and increase the support to poor households.

关 键 词：农村户用沼气池 沼气示范村 农村能源 贫困村 沼气池建设 沼气池使用 沼气补贴 新农村建设 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]