国内某车型小偏置正面碰撞的全面评估  

Small-overlap frontal-impact assessments for a vehicle made in China

作　　者：陈可明 胡丽娟 胡晏殊 

机构地区：[1]沈阳华晨汽车集团汽车工程研究院 [2]沈阳金杯锦恒汽车安全系统有限公司

出　　处：《汽车安全与节能学报》2013年第1期27-34,共8页Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy

摘　　要：车辆小偏置正面碰撞过程中,纵向承力构件(如纵梁)不能吸收碰撞能量,对乘员造成潜在的伤害,在国际上受到关注,主要集中在事故统计分析和实车测试方面的研究,但在中国此方面研究寥寥无几。该文采用CAE方法,用成熟的有限元整车模型,对国内某款车型在小偏置碰撞下的结构变形进行模拟分析;利用与试验对标后的Madymo模型对乘员约束系统进行评估,根据美国公路安全保险协会(IIHS)最近颁布的试验规范和评估标准,给出该车型在小偏置正面碰撞中总的评估等级。结果显示:该款车型在可变形壁障、40%偏置碰撞中获得最高等级"优",但在小偏置碰撞中仅获得"勉强通过"的等级。In small overlap frontal impact, vehicle longitudinal structures, like side rails, fail to absorb impact energy that leads to potential risk to occupants. This crash mode has been paid close attention in the world, focusing on accident statistical analyses and vehicle crash tests, while no such work can be found in China. This paper analyzes the structure performance of a type of vehicle made in China under small overlap frontal impact by using CAE and a mature FEA full-vehicle model. A Madymo model calibrated with test results was utilized to evaluate the restraint-system performance. An assessment rating was provided based on the test protocol and rating guidelines published by IIHS （American Insurance Institute for Highway Safety）. The results show that the evaluated vehicle only earns MARGINAL ratings in small overlap crash even it earns GOOD ratings in the 40% offset impact tests with deformable barrier.

关 键 词：汽车安全 正面碰撞 小偏置碰撞 纵梁 有限元模型(FEA) 计算机辅助工程(CAE) 

分 类 号：U461.91[机械工程—车辆工程] U467.14[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]