中国近海全潮测验的气象保障分析  

Analysis on the meteorological support of the hydrologic measurements over the entire tidal cycle in the China coast

作　　者：熊学军[1] 胡筱敏[1] 赵惠芳 张蔺廉 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,山东青岛266061 [2]福建省晋江市气象局,福建晋江362200 [3]浙江省舟山市气象局,浙江舟山316021

出　　处：《海洋预报》2012年第5期78-84,共7页Marine Forecasts

基　　金："973"计划资助(2012CB955601);公益专项(200905024)

摘　　要：基于我国近海全潮测验气象保障的迫切需求,根据我们在现场调查中积累的有效经验,把影响中国近海的天气过程看成是大背景场上气压单体的运动,冬季的基本态是气压单体的向海运动,夏季的基本态是气压单体的向陆运动。具体到调查海区,首先把握调查时段天气过程的基本态,关注大背景场中气压单体的运动趋势,推判可能影响到调查海区的气压单体的活动规律以及它们之间的相互作用,确定调查区调查时段天气形势的极端情况;基于可以获得的公益气象预报信息,通过对调查现场基本背景场的踏勘和分析研究,形成局地性修正因子,从而进行调查海区的局地补充订正预报;用现场气象观测站的资料进行验证与反馈,不断改进局地性修正因子;充分结合诸如风动能在一定时段内积分总量准守恒的周期规律性等经验规律,进行调查现场的气象保障服务。With the requirement for the meteorological support of the inshore hydrologic measurements over the entire tidal cycle in our country, we attribute the synoptic processes in the offshore of our country to the motion of the air-pressure monomers on the large scale background. The basic situation is the seaward movements of the air-pressure monomers in winter, and landward in summer. First of all, we should understand the basic situation of the synoptic processes during the investigation period, pay attention to the movement trends of the air-pressure monomers on the large scale background, predict the variations and interactions of the air-pressure monomers which may influence the investigated sea area, and determine the extreme weather situations during the investiga- tion period for this area. With the help of the meteorological forecast information, we can obtain the local correc- tion factors required for the local weather forecast by analyzing the basic background of the field. The in-situ da- ta acquired by local weather station can be used for verification and feedback to improve the local correction fac- tors. Such experiences as the quasi-conservation of the integral of the wind kinetic energy over a certain period are recommended being involved in the fine meteorological suppprt service in the field survey.

关 键 词：全潮测验 气象保障 动力学分析 气压单体 局地性修正 

分 类 号：P456[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]