波纹唇鱼消化道的形态学和组织学  

Morphology and histology of the digestive tract in Cheilinus undulatus

作　　者：区又君[1] 廖光勇[1,2] 李加儿[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,农业部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,广东广州510300 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《热带海洋学报》2012年第6期83-89,共7页Journal of Tropical Oceanography

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(“863”)项目(2006AA10A414)

摘　　要：通过形态解剖、组织切片和光镜观察技术对波纹唇鱼Cheilinus undulatus消化道的形态学和组织学进行了研究。结果表明,波纹唇鱼消化道分为口咽腔、食道、胃和肠。口咽腔较大,颌齿和咽骨齿均发达,具有多种类型齿;食道粗而短;鳃耙仅有3对半,较长、粗且稀少;"I"型胃,盲囊部不明显;无幽门盲囊;肠管粗短,可分为前肠、后肠和直肠三部分,肠道系数约为3.05。从食道后部开始整个消化道管腔有密集的绒毛,消化道管壁的组织结构由黏膜层、黏膜下层、肌肉层和浆膜层构成。消化道上皮为单层柱状细胞,其间分布有较多杯状细胞,杯状细胞有明显的开口。黏膜下层为疏松结缔组织。肌肉层致密,内层为环肌外层为纵肌,二者间分布有神经丛。浆膜层极薄,覆盖于整个消化道的外层。这些特征使波纹唇鱼具有典型的肉食性鱼类的特征和习性,便于咬破和磨碎食物坚硬的外壳,使食物在消化道中停留的时间较短、能够快速通过消化道,在肠道中迅速消化吸收,然后排出体外。The morphology and histology of the digestive tract of Cheilinus undulatus were investigated by the methods of anatomy,histological sections and optical microscopy.The results showed that the digestive tract of C.undulatus was composed of buccal-pharynx cavity,esophagus,stomach and intestine.There were jaw teeth and pharyngeal teeth in the large buccal-pharynx cavity.The esophagus was very coarse and short.The stomach shaped as ＂I＂ and swelled.There was no pyloric caeca in the pyloric stomach.The intestine was very short,which included anterior intestine,posterior intestine and rectum.The intestinal coefficient was about 3.05.There were microvilli in the cavity all over the digestive tract.The wall of the digestive tract is divided into four layers： mucosa,submucosa,muscle layer and serosa.The epithelium of the digestive tract was composed of simple columnar cells,in which goblet cells were distributed.There was loose connective tissue in the submucosa.There were circular layers of striated muscle in the inner layer of muscle,and the outer layer was longitudinal layers of striated muscle.The nerve plexuses distributed in the muscle layer between the circular and longitudinal layers.The outer surface of the digestive tract was covered by a thin layer of serosa.These characters were accordance with the habits and predacity of C.undulatus.Also,it was easy to break and grind the shell of its food,digest and absorb effectively in a short time.

关 键 词：波纹唇鱼 消化道 形态学 组织学 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学] Q954[生物学—动物学]