不同稻蟹生产模式下土壤腐殖质组成及特性研究  

A Study on Soil Humus Compositions and their Characteristics in Different Modes of Rice-Crab Combinations

作　　者：王耀晶[1,2] 安辉[1,3] 闫颖[1] 刘鸣达[1] 罗国新[4] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院,辽宁沈阳110866 [2]沈阳农业大学理学院,辽宁沈阳110866 [3]辽宁省种子管理局,辽宁沈阳110034 [4]沈阳市辽中县农产品质量安全检验检测中心,辽宁沈阳110200

出　　处：《土壤通报》2013年第2期343-347,共5页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：沈阳市科技创新条件与环境建设项目(1091179-1-00)资助

摘　　要：采取田间定位试验与室内分析相结合的方法,研究了有机稻蟹、常规稻蟹与单作水稻生产模式对土壤腐殖质组成及胡敏酸光学性质的影响。结果表明,与常规稻蟹和单作水稻模式相比,有机稻蟹模式易氧化有机碳含量分别提高30.13%(P<0.05)和55.85%(P<0.01),有机质氧化稳定性(Kos值)分别降低14.77%(P<0.05)和21.05%(P<0.01);有机稻蟹模式能提高可浸提腐殖质碳(HEC)、胡敏酸碳(HAC)含量和HAC/HEC,降低富里酸碳(FAC)及FAC/HEC,使其胡富比(H/F)上升(P<0.01);三种模式胡敏酸的E4/E6值与△log k的变化趋势相同,均表现为有机稻蟹>常规稻蟹>单作水稻。因此,有机稻蟹生产模式可以增加土壤总有机碳(TOC)的数量,改善其品质,提高土壤肥力,促进了水稻和蟹的生长,最终提高了稻谷和蟹的产量。Field experiments and laboratory analyses were conducted to investigate the effects of organic rice-crab, conventional rice-crab and rice monoculture production modes on soil humus composition and optical characteristics of humic acid. Results showed that, in comparison to the conventional rice-crab and rice monoculture modes, the easily oxidized organic carbon contents were significantly increased by 30.13% （P 〈 0.05） and 55.85% （P 〈 0.01）, and the value of Kos was significantly decreased by 14.77% （P 〈 0.05） and 21.05% （P 〈 0.01） in the organic rice-crab mode, respectively. Similarly, organic flee-crab mode tended to increase the soil extractable humus carbon （HEC）, HAC and the ratio of HAC/HEC, whereas decreased FAC and ratio of FAC/HEC, therefore, increased the ratio of HA/FA （P 〈 0.01）, compared with the conventional rice-crab and rice monoculture modes. In addition, the value of HAC EjE6 and Alog k in three modes were expressed the same general trend as organic flee-crab 〉 conventional rice-crab 〉 rice monoculture. Our results suggest that the organic rice-crab production mode can improve the quantity and quality of soil organic carbon, improve soil fertility, promote the growth of rice and crab, and ultimately increase the yield of rice and crab.

关 键 词：有机稻蟹 常规稻蟹 单作水稻 腐殖质组成 氧化稳定性 土壤肥力 

分 类 号：S153.622[农业科学—土壤学]