叶凋落物数量和类型对森林土壤动物及其生物学质量的影响  

Effect of leaf litter quantity and type on forest soil fauna and biological quality

作　　者：袁志忠[1] 崔洋[2] 颜绍馗[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉首大学生物资源与环境科学学院,湖南吉首416000 [2]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所会同森林生态实验站,沈阳110016

出　　处：《生物多样性》2013年第2期206-213,共8页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划973项目(2011CB403203);湖南省生态学省级重点学科项目(12JD016)

摘　　要：评估森林凋落物的管理效应是一项重要的工作,本文在亚热带湖南会同林区,通过2011年5月布置的野外控制实验,采用区组设计和巢式设计,通过添加凋落物与否来检查凋落物的数量效应,添加阔或针叶凋落物来检查凋落物的质量效应,研究了叶凋落物对土壤动物群落的影响。在2012年7月对土壤动物多度、多样性、群落组成等指标进行测量,检测到跳虫多度对添加凋落物处理以及双翅目幼虫多度对凋落物类型处理有显著响应,其他指标包括土壤动物的群落组成和多样性则未能检测出显著效应。添加凋落物显著提高了土壤的生物学质量值,幅度达32.45%,且巢式方差分析显示这种增加与凋落物类型无关,表明在土壤质量演变的较早阶段,凋落物数量在该地区起到了更加重要的作用。由于土壤生物学质量比多度、多样性等指标要灵敏得多,因此基于土壤动物的土壤生物学质量指数可以作为评估森林凋落物管理效果的指标。It is important to assess forest litter management. Here we examined the effects of leaf litter addi- tion on the soil faunal community in Huitong subtropical forest region in Hunan Province, China. The mi- crocosm experiment involving leaf-litter manipulation using a block and nested experimental design, respec- tively, was established in May, 2011. In the block design, the effects of litter quantity and its control were examined, while in the nested design a comparison was made of litter quality by adding broad-leaved litter or needle litter to soils. In July, 2012, we measured the abundance, diversity, and community composition of soil fauna across these treatments. Significant differences in abundance of springtails were found due to litter ad- dition and of Diptera larvae due to litter type treatment. However, the diversity, community composition and abundance of other taxa did not vary significantly across treatments. We also calculated soil biological qual- ity based on soil fauna data. Its value increased significantly by 32.45% due to litter addition, but was unaf- fected by litter type based on nested ANOVA. The results indicate that litter quantity plays an more important role than litter type in determining soil quality in the earlier stages of soil evolution in the study region. Be- cause soil biological quality based on soil fauna was more sensitive than abundance and diversity of soil fauna, we sue^est it is used as an indicator for evaluatin~ the effectiveness of forest litter management.

关 键 词：杉木人工林 常绿阔叶林 土壤质量 凋落物添加 土壤动物 森林生态系统 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]