论二战后美国对德战争索赔政策  

American Policy on War Reparation from Germany after the World War Ⅱ

作　　者：苑爽[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学马克思主义学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150025

出　　处：《史学集刊》2013年第2期87-93,共7页Collected Papers of History Studies

基　　金：黑龙江省教育厅资助项目"美国对德战争索赔政策与冷战起源研究"(12522098);哈尔滨师范大学博士启动基金(SGB-2009-20)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：二战结束后,美国在其德国占领区内实施的战争索赔政策,经历了一个从严厉惩罚的拆迁政策到停止拆迁赔偿、扶植德国,直至最后将对德索赔政策纳入"马歇尔计划"之中的变化。美国的对德索赔政策一方面加剧了美、苏对抗,促进了冷战的爆发;另一方面,在冷战逐步形成的背景下,美国的索赔政策受其全球战略的约束与规制,从一项独立的外交政策逐步演变成为服务于其全球战略目标的附属政策。德国赔偿问题被割裂成两部分,按照东西方两种方案分别得以解决。After World War II, American policy on war reparation from its occupied German area went through a process from a punitive removal of factories to stopping removing and fostering Germany. Eventually the reparation policy was incorporated into Marshall Plan. American policy on war reparation from Germany in- creased confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union and accelerated the outbreak of the Cold War. On the other hand, in the context of the Cold War, American policy on reparation was influenced and restricted by its global strategy and became a subsidiary policy. In the end, the issue of German reparation had been divided into two parts and got resolved according to different patterns of the West and the East.

关 键 词：第二次世界大战 美国 德国 战争索赔 冷战 

分 类 号：K153[历史地理—历史学] D771.2[历史地理—世界史]