内浮顶储罐雷击电位分布及危险性  

Lightning potential distribution for internal floating roof tanks and its hazards

作　　者：高鑫[1] 刘全桢[1] 刘宝全[1] 胡海燕[1] 毕晓蕾[1] 姜辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化青岛安全工程研究院化学品安全控制国家重点实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《油气储运》2013年第3期325-328,共4页Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目"罐区重大燃爆事故防范关键技术";2012BAK03B03

摘　　要：为了研究内浮顶储罐各金属部件间的电位分布及影响因素,进而明确雷击时储罐的放电部位及预防措施,建立了内浮顶储罐模型,开展了内浮顶储罐雷击模拟试验,获得了储罐各部位电压分布、导静电线电流流向等试验数据。结果表明:在雷电冲击时,无雷电流通过导静电线,浮盘与罐顶连接处电位相同,储罐整体电位可达上百千伏,易对储罐未进行等电位连接的金属部件放电,并引发事故。基于此,可以通过降低储罐的接地电阻降低储罐雷击时的电位,做好等电位连接可消除雷击储罐火灾事故的发生。研究结果对内浮顶储罐雷电防护措施的改进具有一定的指导意义。In this paper, a model for internal floating roof tank is established to study the potential distribution on various metal components of internal floating roof tank and its influencing factors, and thus discharge locations of the tank and preventive measures are determined in case of lightning, and the experimental data of potential distribution on different locations of the storage tank and the current flow direction of discharge cable through performing lightning simulation test of internal floating roof tank are obtained. The results show that in the case of a lightning surge, there is no current passing through the static electricity discharge cable, thus the potentials of floating disc and tank top are the same, the overall potential of the tank can be up to hundreds of kilovolts, which will easily cause discharging to metal components that are not in equipotential connection and thus led to accidents. Based on this conclusion, the reduction of earthing resistance can decrease the potential of storage tank in case of lightning, and equipotential connection can eliminate the occurrence of fire accidents of the tank due to lightning. These research results have certain instructive significance for improving lightning protection measures of internal floating roof tank. （2 Tables, 5 Figures, 20 References）

关 键 词：雷击 内浮顶储罐 电压降 等电位连接 

分 类 号：TE88[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]