红水河干流水电梯级开发对水质累积影响调查研究  

Study on Cumulative Effects of Water Quality by Hydroelectric Cascade Development in Hongshui River

作　　者：薛联芳[1] 顾洪宾 韦兵[3] 邱进生[1] 崔磊[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国水电顾问集团中南勘测设计研究院,湖南长沙410014 [2]中国电力工程建设集团有限公司,北京100044 [3]广西电力工业勘察设计研究院,广西南宁530023 [4]水电水利规划设计总院,北京100120

出　　处：《水力发电》2013年第4期9-12,共4页Water Power

摘　　要：以BOD5、总磷、总氮为水质指标,对比红水河干流梯级水电建设前后水库和坝下、上游和下游水库水质变化,分析其原因,探讨梯级水电开发水质累积影响。结果表明,红水河干流水质主要取决于上游南、北盘江来水水质。自20世纪80年代至今,来水水质总体呈现逐年变差、水库水质由上游至下游逐步好转的趋势;虽然上游来水总磷、总氮较高,且天生桥一级和龙滩水库网箱养鱼众多,但各梯级水库没有出现大面积富营养化现象,调节性能较好的水库局部区域存在富营养化现象。红水河梯级水库水质总体较好,红水河梯级水库建成后对水质的影响呈现顺向累积的效应,没有出现逆向累积的变化,说明红水河水电梯级开发没有导致水质恶化。Taking BOD5, total phosphorus and total nitrogen as water quality indicators, the water qualities in the upstream and downstream of dams, and the upstream and downstream reservoirs before and after the construction of cascade hy-dropower projects in Hongshui River are compared to find the cumulative effects of water quality. The results show that, （a） the water quality in main stream of Hongshui River primarily depends on the inflows of the tributaries of Nanpan and Beipan river, the water qualities of two tributaries are generally worsen, but the water qualities in reservoirs from upstream to down- stream is gradually improved since 1980; （b） although the contents of total phosphorus and total nitrogen is high in up- stream inflows and there are so many fish cage cultures in Tianshengqiao I and Longtan reservoir, but there is no large-area eutrophication in each cascade reservoir, and only local eutrophication in some reservoirs with good regulation performance. Tile overall water quality of cascade reservoirs in Hongshui River is better, and the construction of cascade reservoirs has forward cumulative effect and no reverse cumulative change on water quality. The study shows that the hydropower cascade development in Hongshui River do not lead to the deterioration of water quality.

关 键 词：梯级开发 水质 累积影响 红水河 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TV213.2[水利工程—水文学及水资源]