施用蛋鸡粪对龙眼园土壤微生物学性状的影响  

Assessment of Soil Microorganism Characteristics in Longan Orchard Fertilized with Laying Hen Feces

作　　者：李昆[1] 吴银宝[1,2] 赵志权 廖新俤[1,2] 李璐琳[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学动物科学学院,广东广州510642 [2]华南农业大学农业部华南热带农业环境重点实验室,广东广州510642 [3]高州市杨氏农业有限公司,广东高州525231

出　　处：《中国家禽》2013年第6期19-24,共6页China Poultry

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-41)

摘　　要：通过调查蛋鸡养殖场配套龙眼园的粪便负荷量等资料,分季节选点采集施用蛋鸡粪的龙眼园和未施用蛋鸡粪的橡胶园的土壤样品,通过检测土壤细菌总数、粪大肠杆菌数和细菌多样性等微生物学指标,探讨直接施用蛋鸡粪对龙眼园土壤微生物学性状的影响。结果表明,在龙眼园土壤粪便当量负荷为19.14t/hm2条件下,距离鸡粪堆放中心20m、50m和150m处施用蛋鸡粪的龙眼园土壤全年平均细菌总数均显著高于不施用蛋鸡粪的橡胶园土壤(P<0.05),但采自龙眼园的不同土壤采样点间细菌总数无显著差异(P>0.05)。土壤粪大肠杆菌数在不同季节间无显著差异(P<0.05),但在不同采样点间差异显著,其中距离鸡粪堆放处20m、50m和150m处的龙眼园土壤全年平均粪大肠杆菌数的对数值均显著高于橡胶园土壤(P<0.05)。相对于不施用蛋鸡粪的橡胶园土壤,采自施用蛋鸡粪的龙眼园土壤与蛋鸡粪细菌多样性的相似性更高;由此得出直接施用新鲜蛋鸡粪可以导致龙眼园土壤微生物学性状发生变化。To evaluate the soil microbiological characteristics in longan orchard fertilized with laying hen feces, the equivalent load of laying hen feces on soil was investigated, microbiological indexes such as total bacterial count, fecal coliform count and bacterial diversity in soil were determined, and the effects of laying hen feces on soil microbiological characteristics were also measured. Results showed that the logarithm of total soil bacterial countin longan orchard with a distance of 20 m, 50 m, 150 m away from the layer hen feces pile was significantly higher than that in rubber plantation with a distance of 50 m away from the laying hen feces pile, when the equivalent load of feces on soil in longan orchard was 19.14 t/hm=. But there was no significant difference in soil sampling from longan orchard. The fecal coliform count in soil had no significant difference in different season,but there was significant difference in different sampling area. The logarithm of total fecal coliforms count in soil sampling from longan orchard with a distance of 20 m, 50 m, 150 m away from the laying hen feces pile was significantly higher than that from rubber plantation. Relative to the soil bacteria diversity of rubber plantation unfertilized with laying hen feces, there＇s higher similarity between the laying hen feces and the soil of longan orchard fertilized with laying hen feces. The application of fresh laying hen feces in longan orchard could change microbiological characteristics in soil.

关 键 词：蛋鸡粪 龙眼园 土壤 细菌总数 粪大肠杆菌数 细菌多样性 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]