试论“科学-技术关联”计量模型的不足及改进——学科-领域对应优化视角  

The Drawbacks and Improvement of SL Model from the Viewpoint of Optimizing Corresponding Relationships between Scientific Disciplines and Technical Domains

作　　者：李睿[1] 容军凤[1] 张玲玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《图书情报工作》2013年第5期86-93,共8页Library and Information Service

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学一般项目"科学-技术关联探测方法研究--专利引文视角"(项目编号:12YJC870013)研究成果之一

摘　　要：科学-技术关联是指技术创新系统与科学研究系统之间的知识传递关系。探测科学-技术关联的情报学方法是:计量"论文-专利"互引信息,用专利所属的4位IPC类目与论文所属的学科之间的对应关系来反映科学-技术关联。此方法中存在两方面问题:一方面,论文被笼统地视为基础科学的代表,忽略了自然科学体系的"基础科学-技术科学-工程科学"的层级结构;另一方面,IPC类目以"功能"为分类原则且粒度过粗,难以与科学学科合理对应。对科学端的学科层级划分问题和技术端的4位IPC类目细化问题进行研究,对探测科学-技术关联的情报学方法进行改进,并以2006-2009年间的美国催化技术专利和与之具有互引关系的论文为样本进行实验,实验结果反映出更精细的学科-领域对应关系,呈现出更清晰的科学-技术关联图景。Science Linkage （SL） means knowledge transmission between technological invention and basic science research. Based on the bidirectional citation between papers and patents, SL can be measured by the corresponding relationship between patents-owned 4-IPC category and paper disciplines. However, papers cited by patents are not all about basic research and ignores the hierarchical structure of natural science system which includes basic science, technical science and engineering science. 4-IPC is not accurate enough to identify technology, and the corresponding relationships between technical domains and scientific disciplines can hardly be established. This paper studies the subject hierarchy of the science and 4-IPC category refinement of the technology, and improves the detection of SL information science method. It takes the experiment of bidirectional citation between papers and patents of American catalytic technology from 2006 to 2009. The results show that the corresponding relationships between technical domains and scientific disciplines are established to more clearly present SL picture.

关 键 词：科学-技术关联 “论文-专利”互引 专利计量 专利引文 

分 类 号：G354.4[文化科学—情报学]