环境因素对短角异剑水蚤摄食的影响  

Effects of environmental factors on the feeding of Apocyclops royi

作　　者：孟振[1] 王国栋[1] 刘新富[1] 刘滨[1] 贾玉东[1] 鲍鹰[2] 张和森 

机构地区：[1]青岛市海水鱼类种子工程与生物技术重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071 [2]中国科学院海洋研究所,山东青岛266071 [3]青岛通用水产养殖有限公司,山东青岛266404

出　　处：《海洋科学》2013年第1期81-86,共6页Marine Sciences

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2009-ts-12,2009-chb-08);国家863计划项目(2012AA10A413-2)

摘　　要：通过单因子实验,研究了短角异剑水蚤(Apocyclops royi)在不同温度、光照、pH值、饵料密度以及单性条件下对盐生杜氏藻的滤水率(F)和滤食率(G),及其对3种常见饵料微藻(盐生杜氏藻、球等边金藻和海水小球藻)摄食的选择性,旨在为该物种的人工高效可控培养提供实验和技术基础。结果表明,实验温度范围内(20,25和30℃),短角异剑水蚤对盐生杜氏藻的滤水率和滤食率差异不显著,其中25℃时F和G较高,分别为(0.049±0.014)mL/(个h)和(1.393±0.369)×104个/(个h);滤水率和滤食率随光照强度的增加而升高,光照强度为9 800 lx时F和G最高,分别为(0.053±0.012)mL/(个h)和(1.295±0.303)×104个/(个h);pH值为9.0时,滤水率和滤食率显著高于其他实验组(7.0、8.0、10.0);滤水率随饵料密度的增加呈现先增加后降低的趋势,滤食率随饵料密度的增大而升高;滤水率和滤食率存在性别差异,雌性的F和G均比雄性约高16%。实验的3种微藻中,球等鞭金藻的选择性指数最高。To develop the intensive culture technology ofApocyclops royi, the filtering rate （F） and grazing rate （G） on Dunalilla salina OUC38 under different water temperature, illumination, pH, cell density and gender, and the selective feeding on three common diet microalgae ofD. salina OUC38, Isochrysis galbana and Chlorella sp., were assessed by single-factor experiments. As a result, there are no significant difference between filtering rates and grazing rates ofA. royi at 3 test temperatures （20, 25 and 30 ℃）, and the highest filtering rates and grazing rates are （0.049±0.014） mL ind.-lh-1 and （1.393±0.369）× 10^4 cell ind.-lh-1 at 25℃, respectively. The filtering rate and grazing rate increase with the increase of illumination intensity. The highest filtering rates and grazing rates are （0.053±0.012） mL ind.-1 h-1 and （1.295±0.303）× 10^4 cell ind-1 h-1 respectively under 9 800 lx illumination. Both the filtering rate and grazing rate at pH 9.0 are significantly higher than those under pH 7.0, 8.0 and 10.0. The grazing rate rises with increasing cell density of the D. salina, while the filtering rate increases to the highest level and declines thereafter. There is sexual dimorphism in filtering rate and grazing rate of A. royi. The filtering rate and grazing rate of female are both 16% higher than those of male. Among the 3 tested diet microalgae, L galbana is the most favorite diet ofA. royi.

关 键 词：短角异剑水蚤(Apocyclops royi) 滤水率 滤食率 选择指数 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]