启动方式对养殖废水短程脱氮低温运行的影响  

Effects of start-up mode on shortcut nitrification of the swine wastewater at low temperature

作　　者：何帅雄[1] 方会[1] 秦德韬[1] 陈梅雪[1] 强志民[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境水质学国家重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2013年第3期31-34,38,共5页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助重点项目(No.51138009);农业部公益性行业科研项目(No.201303091)

摘　　要：采用优化控制SBR工艺,建立短程硝化反硝化过程,对北京某种猪场的养殖粪尿污水进行脱氮处理研究。在2个平行的SBR中,分别通过优化曝气时间和控制自由氨累积的方式实现短程硝化反硝化的过程,在温度由25℃逐步降低至15℃的情况下,考察这2个SBR活性污泥系统对温度变化的稳定性。结果表明:通过优化曝气时间建立的短程硝化反硝化过程,亚硝化率在30%左右,在温度降低至15℃时,亚硝化过程受到严重影响;通过控制自由氨累积建立的短程硝化反硝化过程,亚硝化率可达到80%左右,在温度降低至15℃时,亚硝化过程仍较为稳定。采用聚合酶链式反应—变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR—DGGE)技术对两反应器生物相变化的分析结果表明,低温运行条件下2种启动方式的生物相呈现较大差异。The shortcut nitrogen removal using sequencing batch reactor （SBR） with optimized real-time control system was applied to treat the swine wastewater from a Beijing piggery. The shortcut nitrification-denitrification processes were achieved by optimizing dissolved oxygen （DO） concentration and controlling free ammonia （FA） accumulation respectively in 2 parallel SBRs. The stability of the SBRs were studied when the operation temperature was decreased from 25 ＂C to 15 ℃ gradually. The results showed that in the shortcut nitrification-denitrification process achieved by optimizing aeration duration,the nitritation ratio was about 30%. When the temperature was decreased to 15 ℃, the nitritation was disturbed seriously. However,in the shortcut nitrification-denitrification process achieved by controlling free ammonia （FA） accumulation, the nitritation ratio was about 80~. When the temperature was de- creased to 15 ~C ,the nitritation was kept in stable. Polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （PCR-DGGE） was applied to analysis the changes of microbial communities in two SBR activated sludge systems. There were large differences of the microbial communities in the two activated sludge systems under the low temperature condition.

关 键 词：SBR 优化控制 养猪废水 短程硝化反硝化 低温 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]