氟碳铈矿氧化焙烧-盐酸催化浸出新工艺研究  

Catalytic Leaching Process of Bastnaesite with Hydrochloric Acid after Oxidation Roasting Pretreatment

作　　者：王满合 曾明 王良士[2] 周继海 崔大立[2] 王全根 翁荣贵 陈雪松 

机构地区：[1]乐山盛和稀土股份有限公司,四川乐山614802 [2]北京有色金属研究总院稀土材料国家工程研究中心,有研稀土新材料股份有限公司,北京100088

出　　处：《中国稀土学报》2013年第2期148-154,共7页Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(NSFC:50934004);发改委重大专项(2009-606)资助

摘　　要：针对氟碳铈矿盐酸处理过程中稀土浸出率低,高价值非铈稀土进入富铈渣造成高价元素低值利用,以及伴生资源氟综合利用等问题,研究开发了低温焙烧-催化浸出技术,考察了焙烧温度、浸出温度、盐酸用量、液固比及添加浸出助剂等对稀土浸出率的影响。在优化工艺条件:焙烧温度500℃,浸出温度50℃,酸矿质量比1.75∶1,液固质量比2∶1时,总稀土浸出率达到65.1%,非铈稀土浸出率为93.3%,浸出渣中CeO2/TREO为94.1%。本工艺简化了工艺流程,节省了大量化工原料消耗,降低了成本,整个过程实现了无氟排放,具有低消耗、高效能等特点,取得了良好的环保、经济和社会效益。This paper investigated the development of a new environment friendly approach for treatment of bastnaesite. A new process was developed to recover fluorine from hastnaesite as CeF3 by-product, to enhance the rare earths leaching rate, especially the high-value rare earths. The conditions affecting the rare earths leaching in the process, including roasted temperature, leaching temperature, acidity, liquid/ solid ratio and leaching additive, were investigated. The results indicated that the rare earths leaching rate was about 65.1%, the rare earths leaching rate with- out cerium was nearly 93.3%, and the ratio of CeO2/ TREO in the residue almost reached at 94.1% under the optimized conditions.

关 键 词：氟碳铈矿 催化浸出 氟回收 稀土 

分 类 号：O614.33[理学—无机化学] TF111.3[理学—化学]