辽河口湿地芦苇群落退化过程中土壤营养元素和含盐量变化  

Variations of Nutrient Elements and Salt Contents of Soil during Degradation Process of Phragmites australis Community in Liaohe Estuary Wetlands

作　　者：樊玉清[1] 王秀海[1] 孟庆生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《湿地科学》2013年第1期35-40,共6页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项项目(2008ZX07208-009)资助

摘　　要：2011年8月,在辽河口芦苇(Phragmites australis)沼泽采集土壤样品,在室内对土样进行测试分析,研究芦苇群落退化演替过程中,芦苇沼泽土壤营养元素和含盐量的变化。结果表明,在芦苇群落退化过程中,土壤有机质含量先增加后减少,土壤全氮和全磷含量的变化也有相似规律,二者与土壤有机质含量呈显著正相关,说明土壤中氮和磷的来源主要是动植物残体积累;土壤速效钾和易溶盐含量呈逐渐增加的趋势;土壤营养元素和含盐量的垂直分布表明,随着土壤深度的增加,土壤有机质含量、全氮含量、速效钾含量和易溶盐含量逐渐降低,但全磷含量无明显变化。Being the largest coastal wetland in China and even in Asia,the Liaohe Estuary wetlands is located at the junction of Liaohe River and Daliaohe River.In recent years,due to decrease of inflow from the upper-stream area,the plant community in the wetlands is confronted with a severe problem of degeneration.In August 2011,investigations were carried out in Dongguo Reed Field （41°5＇38＇＇N,121°45＇41＇＇E） and samples were taken simultaneously from the field.The results revealed that degeneration plaques occurred in the reed （Phragmites australis） community.The reed community distributed around the plaques,and a stripe distribution pattern could be observed from the reed community to the center of the plaques,namely,a succession from Phragmites australis-Typha orientalis community,Limonium spp.community,Suaeda salsa community to bare land in the end.The sampling areas were arranged on the land where their elevation was relatively high and there was no ponding zone.In the typical sampling areas,3 sampling cubes of 2m by 2m were randomly arranged,and 5 sampling spots were arranged in each cube to take soil samples within depth ranges of 0-10cm,10-20cm,20-30cm and 30-40cm,respectively.For each depth range,2 soil samples were taken,and hence altogether 120 soil samples were collected.In the laboratory,the soil samples were left in the air till they were dried by themselves.After the sundries were removed from them,they were grounded and then separated with a screening sieve of 0.25mm in sieve pore diameter for laboratory tests and analyses to study the variation of nutrient elements and salt content during the degeneration succession of reed community.Analytical results showed that during the degeneration succession,content of organic matter of soil first increased and then decreased and similar variation occurred in its contents of total nitrogen and total phosphorus;the latter were significantly and positively correlated with the former （Pearson correlation coefficient r=0.974 and 0.931,respectively

关 键 词：芦苇群落 演替 土壤营养元素 土壤含盐量 辽河口湿地 

分 类 号：S15[农业科学—土壤学]