松嫩草原地形分异对土壤动物分布格局的影响  

Effect of topography heterogeneity on distribution of soil fauna in Songnen grassland

作　　者：辛未冬[1,2] 殷秀琴[1,3] 宋博[1,4] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学城市与环境科学学院,长春130024 [2]山西师范大学城市与环境科学学院,临汾041004 [3]吉林省动物资源保护与利用重点实验室,长春130024 [4]河南大学环境与规划学院,开封475004

出　　处：《地理研究》2013年第3期413-420,共8页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40871120;41171207)

摘　　要：松嫩草原土壤动物的分布格局受多种因素的综合影响,地形通过影响其他环境因素进而能够影响土壤动物的分布格局。本研究分别在松嫩草原固定沙丘和草甸选取5个生境,进行为期一年的土壤动物群落调查,分析土壤动物生态分布特征和多样性特征,探讨地形和时间对土壤动物分布格局的影响。结果显示,研究期间获得土壤动物密度为5144.62 ind.m-2,所获土壤动物隶属于4门8纲24类;不同生境土壤动物多样性指数随时间变化规律存在一定的差异性,方差分析发现,时间和地形对土壤动物数量特征和多样性特征具有明显的作用,但是地形和时间对土壤动物群落的交互作用不是十分明显。因此,地形分异能够显著地影响松嫩草原土壤动物的分布格局,这可能主要与生境的生物和非生物特征有关。Distribution of soil fauna was affected by several factors in Songnen grassland, such as topography, soil, vegetation, climate, sampling time and so on. Results showed that there were significant effects of topography on soil fauna in forest ecosystem, but we still do not know the effect of topography heterogeneity on distribution of soil fauna in grassland ecosystem. Five habitats of fixed dune and steppe in Songnen grassland were chosen to investigate soil fauna community characteristics for one year. In this study, we analyzed the characteristics of ecological distribution and biodiversity of soil fauna and measured the interaction of topography heterogeneity and time on distribution of soil fauna by ANOVA for repeated measures. Results showed that the average density of soil fauna was 5144.62 ind. m-2 during research and soil fauna belong to four phyla, eight classes, and 24 groups. Arid and semi-arid regional characteristics of fauna have been shown in species composition of soil fauna. Coleoptera and Orthoptera are the typical fauna in this region. There were significant differences among five habitats in species composition and number of soil fauna. But there are no differences in group composition and number of total soil fauna with time. There were significant differences of dynamics of soil fauna diversity index among habitats. Three habitats in fixed dune with similar diversity index showed significant difference in two habitats in steppe with similar diversity index, and suggested the effects of topography heterogeneity on diversity index of soil fauna. Results of ANOVA showed that there were significant effects of time and topography heterogeneity on characteristics of quantity and diversity of soil fauna community, but the interaction of time and topography heterogeneity on soil fauna community was not always significant. Therefore, topography heterogeneity had significant effects on distribution of soil fauna in Songnen grassland, which may be related to biotic and abiotic characteristics of habita

关 键 词：土壤动物 分布格局 地形分异 松嫩草原 

分 类 号：S154.5[农业科学—土壤学]