北京居民活动与出行行为时空数据采集与管理  

The collection and management of space-time data of individual behavior based on location-based technologies: A case study of activity-travel survey in Beijing

作　　者：柴彦威[1] 申悦[1] 马修军[2] 赵莹[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市与环境学院,北京100871 [2]北京大学信息科学技术学院,北京100871

出　　处：《地理研究》2013年第3期441-451,共11页Geographical Research

基　　金：2009年IBM共享大学研究项目;"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAJ05B00)课题(2012BAJ05B04);国家自然科学基金项目(40801046);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20090001110054)

摘　　要：本研究对传统活动日志调查与基于GPS、LBS的移动数据采集在居民活动—移动数据的获取和应用方面进行对比,并以2010年7月在北京进行的居民活动与移动调查为例,探讨了个体行为时空数据采集的方法、存在问题和处理方式。北京市的实验调查采取活动日志调查与基于GPS、GSM两种不同定位方式的移动数据采集相结合的方法,以定位设备为基础、以互动式调查网站为平台、以面对面和电话访谈为补充,对天通苑和亦庄两个郊区居住区的样本居民进行了为期一周的行为时空数据采集。针对时空轨迹和活动日志存在的问题分别进行处理,并对数据质量进行管理,旨在为城市活动—移动系统研究中的精细化的数据采集与管理提供理论、方法和实践经验。The space-time data of individual behavior is one of the most important quantitative foundations of modeling and analyzing in the research of human geography, transportation and urban planning. The development of location-based technologies as well as information and communication technologies （ICT） makes accurate space-time data collection more feasible and affordable. Some unique conditions in China during the transition make it possible to obtain more detailed and reliable data. This study compares individual behavior survey methods and applications based on traditional questionnaires with those based on location-based technologies. It further explores the collection and management of individual space-time data, using the seven-day activity-travel survey in 2010 Beijing as the dataset. The survey methods contain location-aware devices which are a combination of GPS and GSM, interactive survey website including activity diary filling interface for respondents and monitor interface for administrators, and interview on telephone and face to face. Respondents＇ socio-economic characteristics, one-week space-time trajectories and activity-travel diaries are included in the database. Moreover, the study demonstrates the data problems that were met such as data noise, data loss, problems associated with the algorithm. We attempt to offer theory, method and application experiences of highly accurate data collection and management to research on urban activity-travel system.

关 键 词：时空数据 活动—移动行为 GPS LBS 北京市 

分 类 号：U12[交通运输工程] P228.4[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]