当前我国流动人口面临的主要问题和对策——基于2010年第六次全国人口普查数据的分析  

Major Challenges for China's Floating Population and Policy Suggestions:An Analysis of the 2010 Population Census Data

作　　者：段成荣[1] 吕利丹[2] 邹湘江[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学社会转型与社会管理协同创新中心 [2]中国人民大学社会与人口学院

出　　处：《人口研究》2013年第2期17-24,共8页Population Research

基　　金：国务院人口普查办;国家统计局人口司的经费支持

摘　　要：依据最新的第六次全国人口普查资料以及其他相关数据资料,文章对当前我国流动人口发展的主要特征、面临的主要问题进行了分析和概括,并提出解决问题的对策和建议。分析认为:当前我国流动人口展现出规模持续快速增长、流动性减弱、家庭化进程已完成第二阶段并开始向第三阶段过渡、流向仍呈现向沿海地区集中但已展现出分散趋势、新生代流动人口逐渐成为流动人口的主体等一系列明显特征;流动人口面临的失业增加、社会保障缺失、子女教育、社会融入等问题是当前和今后一段时期的主要问题。流动人口将扎根城市并大量存在,相关法规、政策和制度制定应该以此为基础,关注新生代和流动人口子女、重视提高流动人口家庭福利、加快流动人口社会保障体系建设。This study analyzes the trends and current characteristics of floating population in China and the major challenges they are facing, on the basis of the latest population census data. The research shows that the size of floating population has increased continuously and rapidly, their mobility intensity is weakening, migration destinations are beginning to decentralize, maiority of the migrants are moving with their spouses and more and more of them are taking their young children with them, the new - generation floaters whom were born after 1980 account for more than half of the entire floating population. The floaters are facing challenges such as unemployment, lack of social security, inequality in children＇s education, and barriers in social integration. This article proposes corresponding suggestions. The problem of new-generation floaters and floating children should be addressed ade-quately, and there is an urgent need to accelerate the establishment of social security for migrants.

关 键 词：流动人口 人口普查 流动特点 变动趋势 

分 类 号：C924.24[社会学—人口学]