太湖流域人群活动行为模式暴露参数研究  

Exposure parameters of human activity pattern in Taihu Lake basin

作　　者：杨彦[1] 于云江[2] 杨洁[1] 谢钦岳[1] 李定龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]常州大学环境与安全工程学院,江苏常州213164 [2]环境保护部华南环境科学研究所

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2013年第3期230-234,共5页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：环境保护部国家环保公益性行业科研专项(200909101;201109009);国家973计划(2008CB418205)

摘　　要：目的探讨太湖流域人群活动行为模式暴露参数。方法于2011年7月—2012年4月,以入户问询的方式对太湖流域(无锡、常州、镇江3个城市)4 225名居民进行多暴露途径的活动行为模式调查,对涉水、涉气及经口和皮肤接触暴露参数进行研究。结果太湖流域男性平均身高、体重分别为167.86 cm、66.55 kg,女性平均身高、体重分别为160.20 cm、57.97 kg;男性平均室内外活动时间分别为14.52、9.48 h/d,女性分别为15.67、8.33 h/d;女性平均接触水的总时间为110.13 min/d,比男性(64.17 min/d)高71.62%。太湖流域人群每日的睡眠、轻度、重度活动时间均小于美国,中度活动时间大于美国;主食和蔬菜摄入量高于美国,肉蛋类摄入量低于美国。太湖流域人群的直接饮用水、间接饮水量、日均饮水量分别为2 030.05、1 627.53、3 657.58 ml/d;直接饮水中公共用水的摄入率最大,间接饮水中粥和汤摄入率最大。结论太湖流域人群的活动行为模式暴露参数与其他国家和地区有所不同,本研究为提高太湖流域人群健康风险评价的准确性奠定了基础。Objective To understand the exposure parameters of human activity pattern in Taihu Lake basin. Methods During July 2011 to April 2012, 4 225 residents from Taihu Lake basin（Wuxi, Changzhou, Zhenjiang）were selected and the behavior patterns survey of various exposure ways by questionnaires was conducted, the oral and dermal exposure parameters were analyzed. Results The male average height and weight in Taihu Lake basin were 167.86 cm and 66.55 kg respectively. The female average height and weight were 160.20 cm and 57.97 kg. The time of indoor and outdoor activities of males was 14.52 and 9.48 h/d, for females, it was 15.67 and 8.33 h/d. The total time of contacting water of female was 110.13 min/d, which was higher than that of males（64.17 min/d） by 71.62%. Compared with Americans, the time of sleeping, mild activity and severe activity of people in this area were shorter, the time of moderate activities was longer, the daily intake of staple food was higher by 39.31%, the daily intake of vegetables was higher by 212.64%. The direct, indirect and total drinking water intake were 2 030.05, 1 627.53 and 3 657.58 ml/d respectively. The intake of public use water was the highest in the direct water intake, the intake of the porridge and soup raked the first in indirect water intake. Conclusion The behavior patterns exposure parameters of people in this basin obtained in this study can improve the accuracy of health risk assessment in this area.

关 键 词：行为模式 暴露参数 太湖流域 饮水量 活动时间 经口饮食摄入 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]