植物V-H^+-ATP酶适应逆境的分子调控机理  

Molecular regulation mechanism of V-H^+-ATPase adapt to environmental stress in plant

作　　者：张玉红[1] 安志刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学森林植物生态学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《草业科学》2013年第2期245-252,共8页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家公益性行业科研专项(201104066);2010年黑龙江省博士后科研启动金(LBH-Q10171)

摘　　要：在植物细胞内膜系统中,有一种重要的质子泵──V-H+-ATP酶(V-type-H+-ATPase)。V-H+-ATP酶通过水解ATP获取能量,跨膜转移H+形成膜内外电化学梯度,为其他物质转运系统提供电化学势能,是保持溶质平衡等植物在正常生长条件下所必不可缺的生物化学过程。在胁迫条件下,如盐、干旱、冷冻以及土壤中的超量重金属等,植物细胞的存活能力在很大程度上取决于V-H+-ATP酶的活性,而调节基因的表达与活性是V-H+-ATP酶适应环境的基础。作为植物细胞内膜系统中最主要的H+质子泵之一,本研究就V-H+-ATP酶适应外界环境的分子调节机理作以综述,以期为盐碱地的生物治理和分子生物学的应用提供讨论基础。The vacuolar H＋-ATPases is an important proton pump in plant cells.It obtains energy from ATP hydrolysis and transports protons into vacuoles to form electrochemical gradients across the membranes.The V-H＋-ATPases energizes the secondary transport systems presented in both intracellular and plasma membranes,which is essential biochemical processes to maintenance the intracellular solute balance and plant physiological activity.Under stress conditions,such as excess salt,drought,cold and soil heavy metal stress,plant cell viability depends largely on the V-H＋-ATPase activity and regulation of gene expression and activity of the V-H＋-ATPase are molecular foundation of plants adaption to environment.The V-H＋-ATPase is one of most important H＋ proton pumps in internal membrane systems of plant cells,molecular regulation mechanisms of V-H＋-ATPase adaption to environmental stress were summarized and the prospects for V-H＋-ATPase in biological treatments of saline-alkali soil and in application of molecular biology were also discussed in this paper.

关 键 词：V-H+-ATP酶 质子泵 基因表达调控 胁迫 

分 类 号：Q946.5[生物学—植物学] Q945.78