青藏高原北麓河地区降水量观测与对比分析  

Observations and Comparative Analysis of the Precipitation in the Beiluhe Region,Tibetan Plateau

作　　者：张乐乐[1,2] 焦克勤[1] 赵林[1] 乔永平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室/青藏高原冰冻圈观测研究站,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2013年第1期30-39,共10页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40830533;41271081;41271086;40901042);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2010CB951402)资助

摘　　要：根据2011年11月至2012年9月通过Thies激光雨滴谱仪、T-200B雨雪量计和TE525翻斗式雨量筒获取的青藏高原北麓河地区降水量数据,按3个时间段分别对3种仪器记录的降水量行了对比分析.结果表明:激光雨滴谱仪获取的固态降水量与经Jimmy校正公式修正后的T-200B降水量极为接近.但在测量雨夹雪时,激光雨滴谱仪对降水类型、颗粒直径的误判造成了获取的降水量远高于T-200B雨量筒.而3种仪器获取的液态降水量有很好的一致性.但是,当小时降雨量在2mm以上时,激光雨滴谱仪获取的降雨量比T-200B和TE525雨量筒小20%左右.同时,在风吹雪对激光雨滴谱仪的影响方面做了相关的分析研究,初步认为风吹雪的颗粒直径主要集中在0.5mm以下.According to the precipitation observed by Thies disdrometer,T-200B and TE525 rain gauges from November 2011 to September 2012 in Beiluhe,Tibetan Plateau.It is found that during the monitoring period precipitation in the study area was approximately 466.56 mm,much higher than that in the previous years.It means that precipitation in 2012 was a maximum.Comparing three records observed by the three instruments,one can see that: For observing solid precipitation,the observation of TE525 rain gauge is the worst.The precipitation observed by T-200B is slightly smaller than that by Thies disdrometer.Solid precipitation observed by T-200B was corrected with Smith's and Jimmy's correction formulas,respectively.After correcting,it is found that precipitation observed by Thies disdrometer has a good consistency with that from the Jimmy corrected T-200B.For measuring sleet,Thies disdrometer obtains higher precipitation owing to misreading the type of precipitation and the diameter of particles.Anyway,the liquid precipitations observed by the three instruments are in good agreement.However,when the hourly rainfall is higher than 2 mm,precipitation obtained from the disdrometer is about 20% smaller than that from the rain gauge.The impact of blowing snow on the observation of Thies disdrometer was analyzed also.The preliminary view is that the particle diameter of the blowing snow is mainly less than 0.5 mm.

关 键 词：青藏高原 Thies激光雨滴谱仪 降水量对比 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]