烟蚜重寄生蜂种群动态初步研究  

Study on Population Dynamic of Hyperparasitoids of Myzus persicae (Sulzer)

作　　者：柴正群[1] 况荣平[2,3] 朱建青[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南热带作物职业学院,云南普洱665000 [2]西南林业大学林学院,昆明650224 [3]云南大学生命科学院,昆明650091

出　　处：《中国烟草科学》2013年第1期61-65,共5页Chinese Tobacco Science

摘　　要：系统调查了烟田和繁蜂棚内烟蚜重寄生蜂的种类、数量组成和种群变动。结果表明,烟蚜重寄生蜂有蚜虫宽缘金小蜂、宽肩阿莎金小蜂和合沟细蜂3种。在烟田,重寄生蜂出现的时间较烟蚜茧蜂滞后25 d,但高峰期仅相差约5 d,这种在时间上滞后、数量上跟随紧密的效应是制约烟蚜茧蜂种群数量的重要因素之一。在全年繁蜂的繁蜂棚内,重寄生率最高达65.0%,烟蚜茧蜂的羽化率还不到1.0%,而在田间简易繁蜂棚内,重寄生率不超过10.0%。且均以接蜂后7~21 d内烟蚜茧蜂羽化率为最高,而重寄生率以接蜂后7~14 d的最低。因此,人工繁殖烟蚜茧蜂时,建议在田间繁蜂棚内进行短期的繁蜂,即以接蜂后7~14 d为最佳繁蜂周期。Species, amounts and population dynamic of hyperparasitoids of Myzus persicae （Sulzer） were investigated systematically in tobacco fields and breeding greenhouse. The results showed that there were three hyperparasitoids of Myzus persicae, including Pachyneuron aphidis （Bouche）, Asaphes suspensus （Nees）, and Dendrocerus carpenteri Curtis. The occurrence of the hyperparasitoids was 25 days behind those of Aphidius gifuensis, but the peak occurrence had only 5 day difference, which is one of the major factors restricting the quantity of Myzus persicae population in tobacco field. At breeding greenhouse all year round the highest hyperparasitic rate was 65.0%, but the emergence rate of Aphidius gifuensis was less than 1.0%. In field during production cycle the highest hyperparasitic rate did not exceed 10%. At the process of breeding greenhouse, the highest emergence rate of Aphidius gifuensis was 7 and 21 days after releasing Aphidius gifuensis, but the hyperparasitic rate was at lowest during 7 and 14 days after releasing Aphidius gifuensis. So it was suggested that the best time of producing Aphidius gifuensis was 7 and 14 days after releasing Aphidius gifuensis in field during a production cycle.

关 键 词：重寄生蜂 烟蚜茧蜂 羽化率 重寄生率 

分 类 号：S435.72[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]