中国宪政框架下的劳动权保障研究——以历部宪法中的劳动权条款为分析对象  

On Labor Right in the Constitutional Framework in China from the Respective of Articles of Labor Right

作　　者：徐爽[1] 王深[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学人权研究院,北京100088

出　　处：《石家庄学院学报》2013年第2期51-56,共6页Journal of Shijiazhuang University

摘　　要：劳动权是一项基本人权,也是公民的宪法权利,国家有承认并采取适当步骤和必要措施以全面实现劳动权的义务。1949年前,历部宪法都对劳动权作出了规定。1949年后,我国对劳动权的保护主要经历了两个阶段:第一个阶段,计划经济体制下,公民劳动更多是对国家的一种"义务"和"责任",择业自由并没有得到宪法的承认和保障;第二个阶段,随着1982年宪法的制定及其历次修正,我国对劳动权的宪法保障已形成了一个较完整的体系,但平等就业、自由择业、组织工会权以及劳动安全等问题依然未能在宪法层面得到明确。在未来的修宪中,建议取消劳动作为宪法义务的规定,进一步扩大对劳动权的保障范围,并从立法、行政、司法各个环节完善我国劳动权利保障体系。Labor fight is an item of foundational human fight and citizen＇s constitutional right. The State should recognize it and take appropriate steps to ensure its realization. Every constitution before 1949 made provisions for the fight of labor. After 1949,the protection of labor fight in China mainly includes two stages. In the first stage under plan economic system,the individual labor was rather a sort of ＂duty＂ or ＂obligation＂ for the country,and the right of free employment was not granted and protected by constitutional articles. In the second stage,articles of 1982 constitution and amendments set up a comprehensive protective system of labor fight;but the issues of equal and free employment, organizing worker union and labor safety are still unsetting in the constitutional framework. In the future constitutional settlement,this paper proposes that the regulation of labor as an obligation should be cancelled and that the protective sphere of labor right be enlarged through legislative,administrative and judicial approaches.

关 键 词：宪法 劳动权 计划经济 市场经济 权义复合型规范 

分 类 号：D926.5[政治法律—法学]