老年患者下呼吸道感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析  

Distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria isolated from lower respiratory tract infection in senile patients

作　　者：黄友军[1] 金爱群 皮兰敢[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省郴州市第一人民医院检验科,423000 [2]长沙市中医医院检验科,410100

出　　处：《检验医学与临床》2013年第7期814-815,818,共3页Laboratory Medicine and Clinic

摘　　要：目的了解老年患者下呼吸道感染病原菌分布及耐药性,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法对2010年1～12月老年患者下呼吸道感染的痰标本细菌培养及药敏结果进行回顾性分析。结果老年下呼吸道感染患者的病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,占70.5%,主要有铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和鲍曼不动杆菌;革兰阳性球菌主要为金黄色葡萄球菌,占13.1%;药敏结果显示,革兰阴性杆菌对亚胺培南、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦和阿米卡星较为敏感,金黄色葡萄球菌对万古霉素均敏感。结论老年下呼吸道感染病原菌以阴性菌为主,且耐药率较高,应根据药敏结果合理选择抗菌药物以减少耐药菌株的产生。Objective To investigate the pathogens isolated from lower respiratory tract infection in senile pa- tients,so as to instruct the rati6nal use of antibiotics. Methods The distribution and resistance of the pathogens iso- lated from samples of sputum in senile patients with lower respiratory tract infection from Jan 2010 to Dec 2010 were analyzed. Results Among 482 strains of pathogens isolated,Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 70.5G. The main Gram-negative bacilli were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter bau- mannii. Candida albicans accounted for 13.1~. The resistance rates of Gram-negative bacilli to imipenem,cefopera- zone/sulbactam,Piperacillin/tazobactam and amikacin were relatively low. And Candida albicans were sensitive to vancomycin. Conclusion The major pathogenic bacteria in lower respiratory tract infection was Gram-negative bacte- ria. The pathogens in lower aspiratory tract infection have a high resistance rate to many antimicrobial agents. The antibiotic should be selected according to the results of drug sensitivity test, so as to reduce the drug- resistant strains and instruct the rational use of antibiotics.

关 键 词：老年患者 下呼吸道感染 病原菌 耐药性 

分 类 号：R56[医药卫生—呼吸系统]