宜春单站短时强降水统计和分析  

Statistic and analysis on the data of short-time strong precipitation of single weather station in Yichun

作　　者：苏俐敏 马中元 钱焕荣 廖宏 

机构地区：[1]江西省宜春市气象局,宜春336000 [2]江西省气象科研所,南昌330046

出　　处：《气象水文海洋仪器》2013年第1期62-65,共4页Meteorological,Hydrological and Marine Instruments

基　　金：中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室2012年开放课题<南方短时强降水中β尺度结构与形成机理研究>(2012LASW-B01);2012年开放课题南京雷达气象与强天气开放实验室2012年研究基金<风廓线雷达数据质量控制与产品服务平台研究>(BJG201205)共同资助

摘　　要：通过使用宜春2005～2012年3～9月的单站气象要素资料,对40个短时强降水个例进行逐5min数据的统计和分析,提出了10min降水量≥10mm的"超短时强降水"概念;了解到≥10mm/10min的超短时强降水不仅在历年的短时强降水中出现频率最高,同时常伴随出现在≥30mm/h和≥50mm/2h的短时强降水中;当短时强降水发生时,会出现气压上升、温度下降、湿度上升、雨量骤大和前导风加大等显著变化;宜春单站短时强降水呈现逐年增多态势,易发时间集中于每年4～8月和每日04:00～05:00和14:00～20:00。By time strong time strong short-time s using the data of single weather station in Yichun from 2005 to 2012,40 samples of short- precipitation are statistical analyzed in every 5 minutes. That the concept of exceed short- precipitation with 10 minutes amount of precipitation≥ 10mm is summarized. Exceed trong precipitation with 10 minutes amount of precipitation≥10 mm not only hold on to the highest frequency of occurrence in the past eight years, but also occur in short-time strong precipitation with 1 hour amount of precipitation≥30mm and 2 hours amount of precipitation≥50 mm. When short-time strong precipitation began, there are some obvious changes of air pressure rising,air temperature dropping, humidity ascending, rainfall suddenly going up and leading wind increasing. It appears increasing trend of short-time strong precipitation year after year in Yichun weather station. Occurrence time of precipitation is central from April to August every year and during the two periods of 4：00-5.00 BT and 14：00-20.00 BT every day.

关 键 词：短时强降水 超短时强降水 单站要素 统计分析 

分 类 号：P332.1[天文地球—水文科学]