矿业收益管理与经济增长奇迹：博茨瓦纳经验及对中国的启示  

Mining Revenue Management and Economic Growth Miracle : Botswana Experiences and Enlightenments for China

作　　者：景普秋[1] 范昊[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西财经大学资源型经济转型发展研究院,山西太原030006 [2]山西财经大学西方经济学

出　　处：《中国地质大学学报（社会科学版）》2013年第2期1-7,140,共7页Journal of China University of Geosciences(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“资源型区域破解经济发展与环境约束难题对策研究”(10AJL009);2010年度教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目“资源型区域转型发展的路径与对策研究”(NCET-10-0924);山西省软科学研究项目“资源型区域破解经济发展与环境约束难题对策研究”(2011041030-01)

摘　　要：撒哈拉以南非洲的资源丰裕国家普遍遭遇"资源诅咒",唯有博茨瓦纳走出一条不同的道路,在经济增长、结构演进以及社会进步方面取得成效,被誉为"增长奇迹"。博茨瓦纳如何实现"资源祝福"?究其原因:采取财政预算控制和外汇储备管理,调控资源收益的流向;采取可持续预算指数和国民财富账户,监控资源收益的转化;建立国家公信体系,加强产权保护和收益管理过程中的透明度,提升了制度执行力。博茨瓦纳的经验对中国矿业收益分配制度改革、资源型区域矿业收益使用与转化等,具有重要的借鉴意义。Countries with rich natural resources in Sub-Saharan Africa are apt to incur ' resource curse '.Only Botswana has experienced a different path and made progresses in economic growth,structural evolvement and social development,known as ' growth miracle '.How to realize the ' resource blessing ' for Botswana ? Mining revenue management pushes the long-term economic and sustainable growth by means of regulating resource revenues with fiscal budget control and foreign exchange management;driving resource revenues to invest in human capital and financial assets by performing sustainable budget index and national accounts;and establishing national integrity system,reinforcing property protection and enhancing the transparency of revenue management to strength the institutional executive ability.Botswana's experiences take on important reference value for the distribution reform of Chinese mining revenues and the use and transition of mining revenues in resource-based regions.

关 键 词：矿业收益 资源诅咒 国家公信体系 可持续预算指数 博茨瓦纳 

分 类 号：F426.1[经济管理—产业经济]