高等植物纤维素合成的最新研究进展  

Recent progress on cellulose synthesis in higher plants

作　　者：朱乾浩[1] 汪若海[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院作物研究所,杭州310021 [2]中国农业科学院棉花研究所,安阳455112

出　　处：《生命科学》2000年第5期210-213,共4页Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences

摘　　要：继１９９６年从棉花和水稻中克隆出β－葡糖基转移酶基因 ｃｅｌＡ后； １９９８年又从拟南芥细胞壁突变体中鉴定出了ｃｅｌ　Ａ的同源基因 ＲＳＷ１。这两项研究充分表明； ｅｅｌＡ与高等植物的纤维素合成有关。ｃｅｌＡ类（ｃｅｌ　Ａ－ｌｉｋｅ）超基因家族的蛋白质都具有与底物相结合和催化有关的保守功能域。纤维素离体合成方面的研究进展虽然揭示了包括纤维素在内的多糖生物合成机制的某些方面，但活体的纤维素合成还涉及许多其他过程；例如，葡聚糖产物的跨膜运输和纤维素微纤丝在细胞壁上的沉积等。A putative gene for a β-glucosyltransferase, celA, was isolated from cotton and rice in 1996. A homologous gene RSW1 was identified from studies with a cell wall mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana in 1998. These two independent studies strongly suggest that celA is involved in cellulose synthesis in higher plants. The celA-like super-family of proteins all share conversed motifs that may be involved in substrate binding and catalysis. While recent advances in cellulose synthesis in vitro have unraveled some aspects involved in the processes, cellulose synthesis in vivo involves additional processes such as translocation of glucan products across the plasma membrane and the deposition of cellulose microfibrils in the cell wall.

关 键 词：高等植物 纤维素合成 β-葡糖基转移酶 基因调控 

分 类 号：Q946.393[生物学—植物学] Q946.55