凡纳滨对虾抗WSSV选育家系的建立及其抗病特性  

Establishment and WSSV resistant characteristics of selective breeding families for resistance to the white spot syndrome virus of Litopenaeus vannamei

作　　者：黄永春[1,2] 艾华水[1] 潘忠诚[1] 陈锚[1] 翁少萍[1] 何建国[1] 李色东 

机构地区：[1]中山大学生命科学学院,广东广州510275 [2]集美大学水产学院,福建厦门361021 [3]广东湛江恒兴集团有限公司,广东广州524033

出　　处：《水产学报》2013年第3期359-366,共8页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：南方海水养殖种子工程规模化应用技术(Ⅰ)项目(2002AA603031)

摘　　要：2002—2007年在人工感染白斑综合征病毒(white spot syndrome virus,WSSV)的基础上进行一代个体选育(G1)后,对凡纳滨对虾连续进行4代家系选育,共建立120个抗WSSV家系,感染实验结果显示,G2～G5选育家系对虾平均成活率分别为5.57%±9.83%,8.66%±11.52%,9.52%±8.84%和13.79%±12.86%;G2～G5选育家系对虾平均成活率的变异系数分别为1.77、1.40、0.97和0.87。根据每个家系对虾的成活情况每个世代可分为敏感、中等抗性和高抗性家系,G2～G5敏感家系在各代选育家系中的比例逐年下降,分别占76.5%、55.2%、51.4%和33.3%,抗病成活率分别为0.44%±1.09%、0.78%±1.70%、2.27%±2.76%和2.44%±3.09%,感染WSSV后2～3 d出现1个急性死亡高峰;中等抗病家系在各代选育家系中的比例逐年上升,分别占0、20.7%、31.1%和38.5%,抗病成活率分别为0、9.08%±1.46%、10.7%±1.41%和11.36%±3.30%,感染WSSV后出现2个死亡高峰,第1死亡高峰值大于第2高峰;高抗家系在各代选育家系中的比例逐年上升(G4除外),分别占23.5%、24.1%、17.1%和28.2%,抗病成活率分别为22.23%±5.21%、22.70%±12.30%、24.45%±6.56%和28.98%±8.09%,感染WSSV后出现2个死亡高峰,第1死亡高峰值小于第2高峰。经连续的定向选育,对虾抗病性状一代比一代强,表现出明显的抗病性能,特别是高抗对虾不仅死亡率低且其死亡高峰推迟2～3 d,延缓了对虾WSSV暴发的时间,但是每代每尾对虾平均产卵量逐年下降。Based on one generation of individual selective breeding and four generations of family selective breeding of Litopenaeus vannamei, 120 selective breeding families of resistance to WSSV were produced from 2002 to 2007. Experimental WSSV challenging tests showed that the survival rates of generation 2 （G2） ,G3,G4 and G5 were 5.57% ±9.83% ,8.66% ±11.52% ,9.52% ±8.84% and 13.79% ±12.86% 0% ,and the variation coefficient of survival rates were 1. 77,1. 40,0. 97and 0. 87, respectively. Each generation of selective breeding families of resistance to WSSV was divided into three groups：relatively high resistant families, mid-resistant families and susceptible families post WSSV infection. The proportions of susceptible families in G2 to G5 were 76.5% , 55.2% , 51.4% and 33.3% , and the survival rates were 0.44% ± 1.09% , 0.78% ± 1.70% , 2.27% ± 2.76% and 2.44% ± 3.09% , respectively, with an acute mortality peak occurring on 2nd-3rd day post infection. The proportions of mid-resistant families in G2 to G5 were0,20.7%,31.1% and 38.5%,and the survival rates were0,9.08% ±1.46%,10.7% ±1.41% and 11.36% ± 3.30% , respectively, with two mortality peaks at post WSSV infection, and the 1 st peak value was greater than that of the 2nd peak. The proportions of relatively high resistant families in G2 to G5 were 23.5%,24.1%,17. 1% and 28.2% ,and the survival rates were 22.23% ±5.21%,22.7% ±12.30%, 24.45% ±6.56% and 28.98% ± 8.09% ,respectively, with two mortality peaks at post WSSV infection, and the 1 st peak value was less than that of the 2nd peak, which showed that these families in this group possessed strong resistance to WSSV infection. So the eruption time of WSSV was delayed and the valuable opportunity could be used to take effective measure to prevent and cure. However, the average of spawning quantity of each generation was declining （P 〈 0.05 ） year after year.

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 白斑综合征病毒 家系 选育 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]