矿化垃圾施用林地重金属污染潜在生态风险评价  

Potential Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Forest Land Added with Aged Refuse

作　　者：汪明勇[1,2] 郭小平[1] 张平[1] 王玮璐[1] 苏昭辉 张劲松[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]华润置地(秦皇岛)有限公司,河北秦皇岛066000 [3]北京市环境卫生设计科学研究所,北京100086

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2013年第1期62-67,73,共7页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：北京市科委项目"垃圾卫生填埋场地污染治理与可持续利用技术研究与示范"(D08040903690000);国家林业公益性行业科研专项经费项目"建设工程损毁林地植被修复关键技术研究与示范"(200904030)

摘　　要：以矿化垃圾施用林地土壤为研究对象,采用Hakanson潜在生态风险指数评价法对5种重金属元素Cd,Hg,As,Cr,Pb的潜在风险进行评价,同时还对不同深度土壤重金属的迁移及污染程度进行了讨论。不同矿化垃圾添加量下0—90cm土层的潜在生态风险综合评价结果表明,随着矿化垃圾添加量增加,土壤重金属污染有加重的趋势,25%与50%矿化垃圾添加量的土壤污染程度达到中等程度,100%矿化垃圾添加量的土壤达到重度污染程度。矿化垃圾对土壤造成的污染主要集中在0—50cm土壤层内,对垂直方向50cm以下土壤影响较小。Hg是矿化垃圾施用中最主要的污染因子。土壤剖面垂直方向重金属含量分析结果表明,Cd,Hg,As,Cr,Pb具有从土壤表层向下层递减的趋势。重金属元素Hg和Cr含量具有土壤表层富集的特征。矿化垃圾大量的施用可能会导致Hg和Cr土壤污染,但不会导致Cd,As,Pb在土层中累积与垂直迁移。Soils in forest land added with aged refuse were investigated. Hankson ecological risk method was used to assess the potential ecological risk of the pollution by heavy metals（Cd, Hg, As, Cr and Pb）, and the vertical distribution and migration of the heavy metals were discussed. Results from the assessment for the 0-90 cm soil layers with different portions of aged refuse showed that heavy metal contamination was gradually aggravated with the increased quantity of aged refuse. The heavy metal contamination reached a medium level when the added portions of aged refuse were 25% and 50% and a serious level when the added portion was 100% . Pollution caused by aged refuse was mainly concentrated in the 0 50 cm soil layer and however, it had a less impact on soil layer 50 cm below soil surface. Hg was the main metal causing pollution in the application of aged refuse. The contents of the five heavy metals（Cd, Hg, As, Cr and Pb） in vertical soil profile showed a decreasing trend from cultivated horizon to lower layer. Hg and Cr were enriched in soil surface layer. The application of aged refuse might lead to Hg and Cr pollutions, but might not lead to Cd, As and Pb enrichments in soil and vertical migration.

关 键 词：矿化垃圾 重金属 潜在生态风险评价 垂直分布 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]