基于GIS的榆林市土壤风蚀危险度评价  

GIS-based Evaluation of Soil Erosion Risk by Wind in Yulin City of Shaanxi Province

作　　者：曹晓仪[1] 董治宝[1,2] 李静[1] 方兰[1] 李培雄[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,陕西西安710062 [2]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2013年第1期206-210,共5页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：教育部"长江学者特聘项目"榆林市土壤风蚀危险度研究"(801813)

摘　　要：土壤风蚀是土地沙漠化过程的重要组成部分和首要环节,对其危险度评价的最终目的在于有效地控制土壤风蚀。选取风力、植被、气温、降水、地形、土壤等因子,在ArcGIS 9.3平台支持下,建立土壤风蚀环境因子数据库,采用层次分析法(AHP)构建土壤风蚀危险度评价模型,对榆林市土壤风蚀危险度进行评价。结果表明:(1)基于GIS技术的土壤风蚀危险度评价可宏观地揭示该区域土壤风蚀危险度空间格局特征。(2)风力、植被、气温、降水、地形、土壤等因素控制着土壤风蚀空间分异格局。(3)榆林市土壤风蚀危险度空间分异格局呈带状分布,表现为危险度从西北向东南逐渐降低。Soil erosion by wind is the main component and an important process of desertification. The aim of the evaluation of soil erosion by wind is to control it effectively. Factors such as wind, vegetation, air tem- perature, precipitation, topography and soil were selected to establish a risk factor database of wind erosion using AreGIS 9.3. A model for evaluating the risk of soil erosion by wind in Yulin City of Shaanxi Province was established using AHP. Results show that： （1） Characteristics of the spatial patterns of wind erosion risk in the region can be revealed macroscopically by the GIS-based evaluation of soil erosion risk by wind. （2） Factors of wind, vegetation, air temperature, precipitation, topography and soil control the spatial pat- terns of wind erosion risk. （3） The spatial patters of soil erosion risk by wind in Yulin City are distributed in a belt pattern and are decreased gradually from southeast to northeast.

关 键 词：土壤风蚀 危险度 榆林 GIS 层次分析法 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]