不同前茬下放线菌制剂对番茄与辣椒产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Actinomycetes on Yields and Qualities of Tomato and Pepper Under Different Fore Crops

作　　者：石国华[1] 梁银丽[1,2] 要晓玮[1] 曾睿[1] 穆兰[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2013年第1期275-279,共5页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑项目"丘陵沟壑区高效农业关键技术集成与示范"(2011BAD31B0504);中国科学院重要方向项目"不同退耕还林草措施对生态系统C循环的影响方式及程度"(KZCX2-YW-443-3)

摘　　要：采用田间试验和实验室分析相结合的方法,以辣椒(Capsicum frutescens L.)和番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum Miller)为研究对象,选择青笋(Lactuca sativa)、大蒜(Allium sativum L.)和小麦(Triticumaestivum L.)为前茬,在每个前茬下设不施放线菌制剂和施放线菌制剂2个处理,通过测定不同处理番茄和辣椒的产量及品质,研究了不同前茬下施放线菌制剂对其产量及品质的影响,为番茄和辣椒选择适宜前茬及改善品质提供科学依据。结果表明,施放线菌制剂辣椒各营养品质指标均显著高于不施放线菌(p<0.05),其中Vc含量小麦茬显著高于青笋茬、大蒜茬,分别提高了39.4%,45.3%;施放线菌后辣椒可溶性糖、辣椒素含量分别提高了9.4%,33.3%。小麦茬施放线菌制剂番茄果实Vc、蛋白质、可溶性糖、有机酸含量均比不施放线菌制剂分别提高了12.1%,14.0%,9.5%,39.8%。大蒜茬施放线菌制辣椒和番茄产量均显著高于不施放线菌制剂,分别提高了9.4%,13.7%。施放线菌制剂显著改善了小麦茬番茄和辣椒品质,并显著提高了大蒜茬番茄和辣椒产量。The method combining field trial with laboratory analysis was employed in the study, by taking pepper（Capsicum frutescens L. ） and tomato（Fructus lycopersici） as the research objects and choosing let- tuce（Lactuca sativa L. ）, garlic（Allium sativum L. ） and wheat（Triticum aestivum L. ） as the fore crops. The yields and qualities of pepper and tomato under actinomycetes and no actinomycetes treatments were de- termined in the three different fore crops. The purpose of the study was to provide a theoretical basis for a reasonable rotation mode and increase the yields and qualities of pepper and tomato. Results showed that the pepper nutritional quality index in actinomycetes treatment was significantly higher than that in no actinomy- cetes（P〈0.05）. The wheat stubble of the Vc content was significantly higher than the lettuce crop and gar- lic crop, increased by 39.4% and 45.3%; and the soluble sugar and capsaicin of pepper were increased by 9.4% and 33.3%, respectively. The Vc content, protein, soluble sugar and organic acid content of tomato were increased by 12.1%, 14.0%, 9.5% and 39.8%, respectively. Meanwhile, the yields of the pepper and tomato under garlic fore crop were dramatically increased by 9.4% and 13.7% in the actinomycetes treat- ment. The application of actinomycetes in the wheat stubble dramatically improved the qualities of pepper and tomato and in the garlic stubble, significantly increased the yields of pepper and tomato.

关 键 词：前茬作物 放线菌制剂 番茄 辣椒 

分 类 号：S641[农业科学—蔬菜学]